问答题Part of the reform in university education is collecting tuition from students. University education used to be almost free, but since a few years ago, many universities have required their students to pay for their education, and mostly at very high p

题目

问答题

Part of the reform in university education is collecting tuition from students. University education used to be almost free, but since a few years ago, many universities have required their students to pay for their education, and mostly at very high price. What do you think is the result of this? Write a composition of about 400 words to explain some of the important consequences. You may discuss both positive and negative ones. The title has been provided for you.Results of Collecting Tuition　　In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring, what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.　　Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

如果没有搜索结果或未解决您的问题，请直接联系老师获取答案。

相似问题和答案

第1题：

In the USA children start school when they are five years old． In some states they must stay in school (11) they are sixteen． Most students are seventeen or eighteen years old when they (12) school． There are two kinds of schools in the United States: public schools and pri-cate(私立)schools．(13)children go to public schools． Their parents do not have to(14)

their education because the schools (15) money from the government． If a child goes to a private school，his parents have to get enough money for his schooling ． Some parents still (16) private schools，though they are much more expensive．

Today about half of the high school students(17) unwersities after they finish the secondary school． A student at a state university does not have to pay very much if his parents (18 in that state． But many students(19) while they are studying at universities．In this way they (20)good working habits and live by their own hands．

( )11．

A．and

B．though

C．until

D．since

正确答案：C
．11．c【解析】延续性动词与until搭配时，用于肯定句中，表示“到……为止”．

第2题：

Many new ____ will be opened up at sea in the future for those with a university education.

A.opportunities

B.realities

C.necessities

D.Probabilities

正确答案：A
将来接受大学教育的人，将被提供许多在海上工作的新机会。

第3题：

The Cost of Higher Education

Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.

A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.

Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.

If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.

Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.

68. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to

A. taxpayers

B. pressing calls

C. college graduates

D. government resources

正确答案：B

第4题：

Passage 2
Teacher education provided by U．S． colleges and universities has been routinely criticized sinceits inception in the early nineteenth century, sometimes deservedly． These programs, likenon-university programs, are uneven in quality and can be improved． What makes today′ s criticismsdifferent is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups, and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneursto deregulate the preparation of teachers, and to expand independent, alternative routes intoteaching．
This effort to "disrupt" the field of teacher preparation in the United States has gainedconsiderable momentum and legitimacy, with venture capitalists, philanthropy, and the U．S．
Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantial funding．
The strength of this effort is that the United States may quickly seek to dismantle its universitysystem and replace much of it with independent, private programs． The resulting system of teacherpreparation may differ dramatically in its government, structure, content, and processes movingaway from its current location alongside legal, medical, and other professional preparation that pairsacademic degrees with professional training．
Throughout the nation, states are reporting teacher shortages in particular subject areas andgeographical locations, and several states have either passed legislation to lower the standards forbecoming a teacher or, like the state of Washington, have looked toward expanding the number ofteacher education providers to try to fill teaching vacancies． The federal government has contributedto the push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy
provision in the new K-12 education law, the Every Student Succeeds Act, which encourages statesto expand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities．
Because of the increasing tuition rates, a consequence in part, of cuts in funding to publicuniversities that continue to educate most U．S． teachers, enrollments in college and universityteacher education programs have declined in many parts of the country． Independent teachereducation programs are being viewed by some as an important part of the solution in staffing thenation′s classrooms and addressing our serious and enduring problems in education inequities．
Additionally, advocacy groups, philanthropists, and so-called education entrepreneurs are workingaggressively to expand these independent alternative routes into teaching．
Given the seriousness of the teacher shortage problem in the United States and the substantialmedia attention that has been given to independent teacher education programs as the solution toteacher shortages and education inequities, policy makers should very carefully examine theevidence that exists about the nature and impact of these relatively new programs that are rapidlyexpanding while university teacher education enrollments decline．
What measures have been taken by some states to deal with their teacher shortages

A.To increase the number of qualified teachers．

B.To increase funds for teacher education programs．

C.To expand non-university teacher education programs．

D.To establish the baseline of teacher education programs．

答案：C

解析：

细节题。根据第四段中的“several stateshave eitherpassedlegislationtolowerthe standardsforbecoming ateacher”可知，几个州为了应付教师短缺局面通过了降低教师标准的立法，A项“增加合格教师的数量”与原文不符。根据第五段中的“Because ofthe increasing tuition rates，a consequence in part，ofcuts infunding to public universities that continHe to educate most U．S．teachers，enrollments in college and universityteacher education programs have declined in many parts of the country”可知．由于学费的增加，对高等师范教育的资金投入缩减了，B项“提高对师范教育项目的资金投入”与原文不符。根据第四段末尾“…encourages smtes toexpand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities．”及第五段中的“Independent teacher education programs are being viewed by some as an important part of the solution in staffing thenation’s classrooms”可知．一些州发展私立师范教育项目，C项“发展非高等师范教育项目”正确。D项“为师范教育项目设立底线”．文中未提及。故选C。

第5题：

Passage 2
Teacher education provided by U．S． colleges and universities has been routinely criticized sinceits inception in the early nineteenth century, sometimes deservedly． These programs, likenon-university programs, are uneven in quality and can be improved． What makes today′ s criticismsdifferent is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups, and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneursto deregulate the preparation of teachers, and to expand independent, alternative routes intoteaching．
This effort to "disrupt" the field of teacher preparation in the United States has gainedconsiderable momentum and legitimacy, with venture capitalists, philanthropy, and the U．S．
Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantial funding．
The strength of this effort is that the United States may quickly seek to dismantle its universitysystem and replace much of it with independent, private programs． The resulting system of teacherpreparation may differ dramatically in its government, structure, content, and processes movingaway from its current location alongside legal, medical, and other professional preparation that pairsacademic degrees with professional training．
Throughout the nation, states are reporting teacher shortages in particular subject areas andgeographical locations, and several states have either passed legislation to lower the standards forbecoming a teacher or, like the state of Washington, have looked toward expanding the number ofteacher education providers to try to fill teaching vacancies． The federal government has contributedto the push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy
provision in the new K-12 education law, the Every Student Succeeds Act, which encourages statesto expand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities．
Because of the increasing tuition rates, a consequence in part, of cuts in funding to publicuniversities that continue to educate most U．S． teachers, enrollments in college and universityteacher education programs have declined in many parts of the country． Independent teachereducation programs are being viewed by some as an important part of the solution in staffing thenation′s classrooms and addressing our serious and enduring problems in education inequities．
Additionally, advocacy groups, philanthropists, and so-called education entrepreneurs are workingaggressively to expand these independent alternative routes into teaching．
Given the seriousness of the teacher shortage problem in the United States and the substantialmedia attention that has been given to independent teacher education programs as the solution toteacher shortages and education inequities, policy makers should very carefully examine theevidence that exists about the nature and impact of these relatively new programs that are rapidlyexpanding while university teacher education enrollments decline．
What can be inferred from Paragraph 1 about criticisms against teacher education

A.The criticisms have been increasing．

B.The criticisms may not be well justified sometimes．

C.The criticisms mainly focus on the quality of non-university programs．

D.The criticisms usually come from advocacy groups and so-called educational entrepreneurs．

答案：D

解析：

推断题。从第一段的最后一句“Whatmakestoday’s criticisms different is an aggressiveeffort by advocacy groups，and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneurs to deregulate the preparation of teachers，and to expand independent，alternative routes into teaching．"可以推断出，对于如今师范教育的批判主要来自宣传组织和所谓的教育企业家，故选D。

第6题：

Passage Four

Students all over the world have to work for their education. A college education in the United States is

expensive. The costs are so high that most families begin to save for their children's education when their children are babies. Even so, many young people cannot afford to pay the expenses of full-time college work. They do not have enough money to pay for school costs. Tuition for attending the university, books for classes, and living expenses are high. There are other expenses such as chemistry and biology lab fees and special student activity fees for such things as parking permits and football tic, kets. The cost of college education increases every year. However, classrooms are still crowded with students. Some American students have scholarships or other support, but many do not.

Students from other countries have money problems to overcome, too. Because students in most international programs need to have a sponsor, they work hard to earn scholarships or special loans. International students understand the value of going to school in another country. They also know that it is difficult. Yet just as Americans choose to attend American universities in spite of the difficulty, however, it is usually possible for students from abroad to work on university campuses to pay for some of the costs of their education. Some people believe that students value their education more if they work for it.

48. Tuition for attending the university in the United States is ______.

A. inexpensive

B. high

C. free from charge

D. costless

正确答案：B
本题属细节题。文章第五句已明确点明。

第7题：

A.The university system of the United States will completely collapse．

B.The university system of the United States will be totally restructured．

C.The new teacher education programs may not grant students academic degrees in the future．

D.The new teacher education programs will follow the usual practice of other professionalpreparation．

答案：D

解析：

推断题。根据第三段末尾“The resulting system ofteacher preparation may differdramatically in…moving away from its current location alongside legal，medical，and other professional preparation”可推断出，新的师范教育项目会遵照其他职业教育的惯例，D项正确。A项“美国的高等教育系统会完全瓦解”，该说法过于绝对。B项“美国高等教育系统将会被完全调整”，根据第三段第一句中“theUnited Statesmayquickly seek to dismantle its university system and replace much of it with independent，private programs”可知，只是大部分会被调整，而不是完全调整。C项“未来私立师范项目将不会为师范学生颁发学位证书”，文中未提及。故选D。

第8题：

The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to

A. argue against free university education

B. call on them to finance students' studies

C. encourage graduates to go into business

D. show their contribution to higher education

正确答案：A

第9题：

Passage 2
Teacher education provided by U．S． colleges and universities has been routinely criticized sinceits inception in the early nineteenth century, sometimes deservedly． These programs, likenon-university programs, are uneven in quality and can be improved． What makes today′ s criticismsdifferent is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups, and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneursto deregulate the preparation of teachers, and to expand independent, alternative routes intoteaching．
This effort to "disrupt" the field of teacher preparation in the United States has gainedconsiderable momentum and legitimacy, with venture capitalists, philanthropy, and the U．S．
Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantial funding．
The strength of this effort is that the United States may quickly seek to dismantle its universitysystem and replace much of it with independent, private programs． The resulting system of teacherpreparation may differ dramatically in its government, structure, content, and processes movingaway from its current location alongside legal, medical, and other professional preparation that pairsacademic degrees with professional training．
Throughout the nation, states are reporting teacher shortages in particular subject areas andgeographical locations, and several states have either passed legislation to lower the standards forbecoming a teacher or, like the state of Washington, have looked toward expanding the number ofteacher education providers to try to fill teaching vacancies． The federal government has contributedto the push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy
provision in the new K-12 education law, the Every Student Succeeds Act, which encourages statesto expand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities．
Because of the increasing tuition rates, a consequence in part, of cuts in funding to publicuniversities that continue to educate most U．S． teachers, enrollments in college and universityteacher education programs have declined in many parts of the country． Independent teachereducation programs are being viewed by some as an important part of the solution in staffing thenation′s classrooms and addressing our serious and enduring problems in education inequities．
Additionally, advocacy groups, philanthropists, and so-called education entrepreneurs are workingaggressively to expand these independent alternative routes into teaching．
Given the seriousness of the teacher shortage problem in the United States and the substantialmedia attention that has been given to independent teacher education programs as the solution toteacher shortages and education inequities, policy makers should very carefully examine theevidence that exists about the nature and impact of these relatively new programs that are rapidlyexpanding while university teacher education enrollments decline．
Which of the following is true of the independent teacher education programs

A.They are initiated to deal with teacher shortages and education inequities．

B.They aimed to raise the standards of teacher education programs．

C.They compete with the university teacher education programs．

D.They can replace the university teacher education programs．

答案：A

解析：

细节题。根据最后一段中的“Giventhe seriousness oftheteacher shortage problemintheUnited States and the substantial media attention that has been given to independent teacher education programs as thesolution to teacher shortages and education inequities”可知。由于美国教师短缺的严重问题，还有大量媒体对于私立师范教育的关注．私立师范教育被认为是解决师资短缺和教育不公的方法。故选A。

第10题：

The Open University,one of the great successes of modern Britain,is facing a crisis.On the surface,this centres on the embattled vice-chancellor.Peter Horrocks,whom the staff want to resign.The UCU（University and College Union）branch at the university has passed a motion of no confidence in him.and says he no longer commands the respect of staff.The immediate cause was a remark for which he has been forced to apologise,to the effect that some academics had been allowed"to get away with not teaching for decades",but this came in a context of brutal budget cuts he has proposed.More profoundly.the crisis exposes a huge disagreement about what actually constitutes teaching,and why it is a worthwhile activity.Is it a way to produce exam resulis and certificates of employability,or is the purpose to share whaiever makes a subject worth studying for itself,and to inculcate the skills that will enable students to glimpse and pursue that vision?But the deeper crisis reaches far beyond the vice-chancellor's inadequacies.Some of the challenges facing the university are simply a result of the huge changes in society and technology since it was founded in 1969.In the early days,staff agonised over whether to include colour in their television programmes,since many viewers might still own black and white sets.In those days,too.there was a very large pool of middle-aged people who had been denied tertiary education,and for whom this really was the university of the seconcl chance.But the pool of second chancers has now largely gone the way of black and white televisions.Those are difficulties that would face the university under any administration.So would the widespread competition in the field of distance learning.But with all that said,it is central government that is largely responsible for the difficulties of the OU.The government's conception of higher education as a marketplace where students can shop for qualifications is profoundly destructive to all universities,and the OU is only the most exposed and vulnerable.The introduction,and then the tripling,of tuition fees has wrecked its financial model,so that student numbers have dropped by a third since 2010.The only thing to fall as fast has been the university's rating for student satisfaction,from lst t0 47th.So much for the conception of universities as selling to"customers",rather than teaching students.The university is an institution that enriches the lives of those who attend it.It is on that basis that the government should still recognise,and support,the ideal that everyone deserves access to the benefits of a real university,whatever their past,and whenever they decide they need it.
The last iwo paragraphs are mainly

A.satirizing universities which ruthlessly seek profit to the neglect of teaching andresearch.
B.suggesting a way for students to access higher education without amassing huge debt.
C.criticizing the government whose conception of higher education disrupts all universities.
D.exposing the illusion that everyone deserves access to the benefits of a real university.

答案：C

解析：

第三段首先重点指出“开放大学所面临的问题不单单是管理者的问题，更是政府的问题，政府对高等教育的设想对所有大学（尤其开放大学）都是极具毁灭性的”，随后以“开放大学（应市场需求而被迫）提高学费导致学生人数、学生对学校满意度极具下降”为例做出说明，第四段则针对政府简要提出意见“应调整认识、为打造真正大学予以支持”。可见，末两段意在批评政府行为，C.正确。[解题技巧]A.由第三段④句higher education as a marketplace、末句universities as selling to“customers”．rather than teaching students抽取出“高校为追求利润而忽视教学研究”这一形象，但段中并未着意说明这一形象。B.由第三段⑤句introduction，and then the tripling，of tuition fess抽取出“学生为上大学而负债累累”这一信息，并结合末段碎片信息should.…access to the benefits of a real university推断出“向这些负债累累的学生提出了一个解决办法”。D.将末段意欲宣扬的the ideal that.“‘人人都能受益于一所真正的大学’这一伟大理想”曲解为the Lllusion“幻想”。

问答题Part of the reform in university education is collecting tuition from students. University education used to be almost free, but since a few years ago, many universities have required their students to pay for their education, and mostly at very high p

题目

相似问题和答案

更多相关问题

相关内容