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阅读理解：请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。 How We Form First Impression。 We a

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单选题
阅读理解：请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。 How We Form First Impression。 We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her - aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits. Even very minor difference in how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information - the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming signals are compared against a host of “memories” stored in the brain areas called the cortex(皮质) system to determine what these new signals “mean”. If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe”. If you see someone new, it says, “new and potentially threatening”. Then your brain starts to match features of this strangers with other “known” memories. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new, I don’t like this person” Or else, “I’m intrigued(好奇的)”. Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures - like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person”. But these preliminary impressions can be dead wrong. When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people - their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character - we categorize them as jocks(骗子), peeks(反常的人), or freaks(怪人). However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of our cortex, which allow us to be humane. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage？（）
A

One’s physical appearance can influence our first impression.

B

Our first impression is influenced by the sensitivity of our brain.

C

Stereotypical impressions can be dead wrong.

D

We should adopt mature thinking when getting to know people.

参考答案和解析
正确答案： D
解析： 译文：下列哪一个陈述最能表达文章的主旨？
ABC三个选项分别从三个角度论述了的第一印象所形成的刻板印象。人们的外表、我们大脑的反应以及刻板印象经常是错误的。
D选项意思：我们在认识人们的过程当中应该采取更加成熟的态度。
只有D选项是最能反应文章的主旨。故本题选D
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

We laugh at jokes，but seldom about how they work．

A．we think

B．think we

C．we do think

D．do we think


正确答案：D

第2题：

We are interested in the weather because it ______ us so directly — what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.

A.benefits

B.affects

C.affects

D.effects


正确答案：B

第3题：

The true value of life is not in_________, but in_________.()

A.which we get, which we give

B.what we get, what we give

C.which do we get, which do we give

D.how we get, how we give


参考答案：B

第4题：

Compared with other areas of our social lives,we tend to boast far more on social media.For instance,few of us will stand on a neighborhood corner and declare how accomplished we are or how much we love our spouse.On Facebook,however,we have no uneasiness about routinely posting photographs of intimate family gatherings,foreign vacations,and fancy meals.What's more,many of us share boasts with hundreds or even thousands of social media connections,with little knowledge or concern about who's seeing them or what effect it has on them.Despite the risk of negative effects,we can't help boasting on social media because,as psychologists have argued,boasting satisfies fundamental human motives of creating a favorable first impression with strangers,and building a positive image among those who know us.In our vast social media spheres,boasting is also a good way,or even possibly the only way,to attract attention.


答案：
解析：
和我们社交生活的其他领域相比．我们在社交媒体上自夸的频率往往要高得多。比方说，我们很少人会站在街角，宣称自己如何有成就、多么爱自己的配偶。但是，我们例行公事般地在脸书上发布亲密家庭成员聚会、出国度假及豪华大餐的照片而丝毫不觉不安。不仅如此，我们很多人与数以百计甚至千计的社交媒体联系人分享自己引以为豪的事物，对谁在看它们、它们产生了什么影响既不怎么了解，也不怎么关心。尽管存在带来负面效果的风险，我们还是禁不住在社交媒体上自吹自擂，因为正如心理学家所言，自夸满足了人类的基本动机：给陌生人留下美好的第一印象，在熟人中树立正面形象。在我们庞大的社交媒体圈子中，自夸也是引起关注的一个好方法，甚至可能是唯一的方法。

第5题：

_____answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language.

A.Psycholinguistics
B.Anthropological linguistics
C.Sociolinguistics
D.Applied linguistics

答案：A
解析：
本题考查心理语言学的定义。
A选项，心理语言学，它研究儿童如何习得母语，人类运用语言时，大脑如何工作。交流过程中人类如何处理接收到的信息。综上，A选项正确。
B选项，人类语言学，故排除。
C选项，社会语言学，故排除。
D选项，应用语言学，故排除。
故正确答案为A。

第6题：

－ How much of a problem meeting the budget? － _______.

A The product should finance itself ;

B Well, it seems that we underestimated the costs ;

C You only need a budget increase for the first order


参考答案:B

第7题：

All of our nonverbal behaviors—the gestures we make, the way we sit, how mucheye contact we make, how fast or how loud we talk, and how close we stand—send strong messages.()

此题为判断题(对，错)。


答案：True

第8题：

计划的主要内容包括（），计划必须清楚地确定和描述这些内容。

A.What，Why，Who，Where，When，Howmany，Howmuch

B.What，Why，We，Where，When，Howto，Howmuch

C.What，Why，We，Where，When，How，Howmuch

D.What，Why，Who，Where，When，How，Howmuch


正确答案：D

第9题：

共用题干
How We Form First Impression
We all have first impression of someone we just met.______(46)Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits? The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world.Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits,even very minor difference in how a person's eyes,ears,nose,or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different.In fact,your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information-the sights and sounds of your world.These incoming"signals"are compared against a host of"memories"stored in the brain areas called the cortex（大脑皮层）system to determine what these new signals "mean".
If you see someone you know and like at school,your brain says"familiar and safe".______(47) Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other"known"memories.The height,weight, dress,ethnicity,gestures,and tone of voice are all matched up.The more unfamiliar the characteristics,the more your brain may say,"This is new.I don't like this person."______(48)Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes,ethnicity,gestures-like your other friends;so your brain says:"I like this person."______(49)
When we stereotype people:we use a less mature form of thinking(not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child)that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others.Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people-their history,interest, values,strengths,and true character-we categorize them as jocks,geeks,or freaks.
______(50)If we spend time with a person,hear about his or her life,hopes,dreams,and become aware of the person's character,we use a different,more mature style of thinking-and the most complex areas of our cortex,which allow us to be humane.

______(48)
A:However,if we resist initial stereotypical impressions,we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like.
B:But why?
C:But these preliminary"impressions"can be dead wrong.
D:If you see someone new,it says,"new-potentially threatening".
E:The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking,which is similar to the immature form of a very young child.
F:Or else,"I'm intrigued."

答案：F
解析：
空格后的问句是对空格前一句的提问，选项中只有B项与前后语境联系最为紧密。
空格前一句的大意是：如果你在学校看到你认识且喜欢的人，你的大脑会作出“熟悉且安全”的判断；空格后一句的大意是：紧接着你的大脑会开始将这个陌生人的特征与“已知”的记忆进行比较。由此可知，空格处讲的应该是你见到陌生人时的印象，所以选择D项。
空格前一句话的大意是：你对这些特征越不熟悉，大脑就越会告诫你：“这是个陌生人，我不喜欢”；空格后一句话讲的也是你见到陌生人的一种反应。由此可见空格处也是见到陌生人的一种反应，F项符合题意。
结合语境可知，第三段讲的主要是见到陌生人的第一印象，最后一句应是总括句，第四段又讲到第一印象的弊端，所以可以推测出空格处应得出结论，即第一印象或许会完全错误，所以选择C项。
根据最后一段第二句可知，如果我们摒弃第一印象，跟陌生人多多相处的话，会更加了解这个人，也会让我们变得更人性。由此可知，空格处应该与此相照应，说明抵制第一印象的好处，所以选择A项。

第10题：

How are we to develop new technology if we can’t study current technology to figure out how to______it?

A.improve
B.rest
C.cause
D.conceal

答案：A
解析：
本题考查内容为词意辨析。A选项意为“改善、增进”，B选项意为“使休息、使放松”，C选项意为“引起、使遭受”，D选项意为“隐藏、隐瞒”，题目意为“如果我们不能研究现有技术从而对其进行____，如何能够开发新技术？”因此选A，对其进行改进。
　　

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