第2题：
填空题
____
正确答案：
derive
解析：
根据演讲者，字典之所以可以帮助提高词汇量，原因在于，字典中会给出单词的派生形式。derive form派生形式。
【录音原文】
Today I’d like to talk to you about dictionaries, because most of you have them, em, but don’t use them very often. Whenever I ask people what a dictionary is for, they almost say that is to find the meaning of a word. Well, but that’s really only a small part of the answer. (1)Sure a dictionary will tell you the meaning of a word, and it will also give you examples to show you how the word is used in a sentence, (2)but it will also tell you how to pronounce a word you already know the meaning of. And…and this is very important, because if you can’t say a word correctly, then no one will understand you. Of course, learning the pronunciation symbols your dictionary uses will take a little time. But it’s worth it, believe me.
(3)Now think about when you’re writing something, are you always sure of the spelling of every word? If not, what do you do? Do you just write it the way you think it’s spelt and hope it’s correct? Or do you wait around for someone who can tell you the spelling? Or, do you look for another word to use instead? (4)What you should do is open your dictionary and check to see that your spelling is correct. If it isn’t, think of another way the word might be spelt and check that out. Through guessing and checking, you are sure to find the right spelling.
Another thing to help you when you’re writing—(5)the dictionary will tell you where each syllable of a word begins and ends. This is important information. Because when you write in English, when you come to the end of a line on a piece of paper, you cannot separate words where you want to, but only between syllables. So you can use your dictionary to find out if you’re separating the word in the right place.
There is other information the dictionary has, too. (6)It tells you the part of speech of a word, if it’s an adjective, adverb, verb or noun. You need to know this, because you don’t want to sound funny and use a noun form when you should be using a verb. You may not only sound funny, people may not be able to understand you.
A dictionary has other grammar information, too. (7)Like the past, past participle forms of a verb. For example, if you look up the word “write”, you will see “wrote” and “written” near it. So the dictionary tells you the past of “write” and past participle. (8)It will also tell you the plural of noun when they are not regular, and a lot of other grammar information, too.
I could go on and on. Em, but, there is one other thing I want to mention today. (9)And that using your dictionary to increase your vocabulary. (10)By that, I mean the dictionaries always include the derive forms of words. A derived form is, for example, the noun form of a verb or the adjective form of a noun. Let’s take for example, the word “study”. If you look it up in a dictionary, you will find that the derived noun form and you already know this, it’s “student”. But you also find that the adjective form of study is “studious”, which means studying hard. So when we talk of someone being studious, this person, like all of you, studies hard. This example should show you that when you look up a new word, you should make a note of its derived forms, too. In this way, you can learn more than one new word at the same time.
