单选题The Netherlands’ highest rates in Europe of babies dying during or just after birth ______.A are the reseason why the research was carried outB have something to do with their high rates of home birthsC suggest hospital birth is a better choiceD have c

共用题干
Dangers Await Babies With Altitude

Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies,a new
study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't
clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are
under-nourished一many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower
down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births
in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998.The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and
Santa Cruz.La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3.65 kilometers above sea level,while Santa Cruz is
much lower,at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than
in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in
Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz."We were very
surprised by this result,"says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth."This may
trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their
bodies.This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in
preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La
Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary
heart disease.And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood
pressure and strokes in later life.

High-altitude babies have heads that are larger than their bodies.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies, a new study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished—many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998 .The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and Santa Cruz.La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3 .65 kilometers above sea level,while Santa Cruz is much lower,at 0 .44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz.“We were very surprised by this result,”says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth.
“This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child,”says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies.This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life.People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease.And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.

It can be learned from the last paragraph that______.
A: high-altitude babies tend to have high blood pressure in their later life
B: underweight babies have a shorter life span
C: babies born to poor families lack certain hormones before birth
D: newborns in wealthy families have larger heads compared with their bodies

共用题干
Dangers Await Babies With Altitude

Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies,a new
study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't
clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are
under-nourished一many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower
down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births
in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998.The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and
Santa Cruz.La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3.65 kilometers above sea level,while Santa Cruz is
much lower,at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than
in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in
Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz."We were very
surprised by this result,"says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth."This may
trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their
bodies.This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in
preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La
Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary
heart disease.And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood
pressure and strokes in later life.

Giussani did not expect to find that the weight of a baby had little to do with the financial conditions of the family he was born into.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.
A:can be an advantage
B:may limit income
C:isn't necessary
D:is expensive

共用题干
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight ha-bies,a new study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished—many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of
400 births in Bolivia during 1976 and 1998.The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3 .65 kilometers a-bove sea level,while Santa Cruz is much lower,at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significant-ly lower than in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz.“We were very surprised by this result,”says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth.
“This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child,”says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life.People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary（冠状的）heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.

It can be learned form the last paragraph that _____.
A:high-altitude babies tend to have high blood pressure in their later life
B:under-weight babies have a shorter life span
C: babies born to poor families lack hormones before birth
D: newborns in wealthy families have larger heads compared with their bodies

共用题干
Dangers Await Babies With Altitude

Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies,a new
study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't
clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are
under-nourished一many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower
down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births
in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998.The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and
Santa Cruz.La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3.65 kilometers above sea level,while Santa Cruz is
much lower,at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than
in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in
Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz."We were very
surprised by this result,"says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth."This may
trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their
bodies.This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in
preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La
Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary
heart disease.And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood
pressure and strokes in later life.

The weight of a newborn has something to do with the supply of oxygen even when he is still in his mother'swomb.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight ha-bies,a new study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished—many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of
400 births in Bolivia during 1976 and 1998.The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3 .65 kilometers a-bove sea level,while Santa Cruz is much lower,at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significant-ly lower than in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz.“We were very surprised by this result,”says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth.
“This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child,”says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life.People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary（冠状的）heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.

What does the new study discover?
A: Babies born to wealthy families are heaver.
B:Women living at high altitude trnd to give birth to underweight babies.
C: Newborns in cities are lighter than average.
D: Low-altitude babies have a high risk of heart disease in later life.

共用题干
Dangers Await Babies With Altitude

Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies,a new
study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't
clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are
under-nourished一many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower
down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births
in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998.The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and
Santa Cruz.La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3.65 kilometers above sea level,while Santa Cruz is
much lower,at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than
in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in
Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz."We were very
surprised by this result,"says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth."This may
trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their
bodies.This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in
preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La
Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary
heart disease.And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood
pressure and strokes in later life.

According to the passage,one of the reasons why newborns in mountain communities are underweight is that their mothers are underweight.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that________.
A:the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy
B:factors other than the economy influence birth rate
C:women who have a high income usually have few children
D:the birth rate depends on per capita income

共用题干
第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

According to this passage,Italy today is an example of an__________.
A:agricultural country with a high birth rate
B:agricultural country with a low birth rate
C:industrialized country with a low birth rate
D:industrialized country with a high birth rate