单选题Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____.A people are less likely to lie in instant messagesB people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactionsC people are most likely to lie in email communicationD people are twice as l

题目

单选题

Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____.

people are less likely to lie in instant messages

people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions

people are most likely to lie in email communication

people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations

参考答案和解析

正确答案： D

解析：
细节题。选项C同义替换了第三段第二句。选项A未在文中提及。根据第三段末句“Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges ...”，另一些心理学家对Hancock的研究表示惊讶，认为人们在面对面交流时更易撒谎，选项B与此矛盾，故排除B项。选项D是根据第一段“people are twice likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails”而设计的干扰项，这是Hancock的研究结果，与本题不符，故排除。

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

This passage implies that ______.

A) buying a false degree is not moral

B) personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools

C) most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school

D) society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications

正确答案：D
答案：D
[试题分析]事实理解题。
[详细解答]作者谈论文章中的问题时，并未对欺骗者作过多的谴责，而是着重写了此问题产生的社会根源，显然其用意就是说明社会更应对此问题负责。因此，D应为正确答案。

第2题：

Text 2 You would think that the young and digitally intellectual-the generation that grew up with computers at their fingertips-would be the least likely age group to fall victim of online fiaud.But the opposite is true."We've bought into stereotypes about fraud victims-they're usually seen as wlnerable and elderly,or gullible and poorly educated,"says Emma Fletcher,product manager at the BBB Institute."These stereotypes are strongly held-and they are wrong.We are all at risk,but younger and more educated individuals are actually the most likely to be deceived."Similarly,a 2016 report by Norton,the antivirus company,found that 44 per cent of millennials had been the victim of an online crime in the past year,compared with just 16 per cent ofbaby boomers.Research by Barclays this year backs this up.The Barclays Digital Safety Index highlights that almost two thirds of 18-24 year-olds had fallen prey to hackers or viruses.Yet when asked about actions taken to prevent future attacks,millennials were less likely than their older counterparts to take positive action,such as installing an anti-virus software following a computer system collapse.One reason is what is known as"optimism bias"-the idea that other people might be more One reason is what is known as"optimism bias"-the idea that other people might be more vulnerable than you and that you know better.Younger people are usually more knowledgeable about IT than those in the generations above them.But this makes them less likely to heed advice about staying safe,whereas,perhaps surprisingly,older people are more inclined to listen.But this is not the only reason.Younger people spend far more time online.They shop more there（meaning their card details are entered more ofien and stored in many more databases）and they share much more personal information online.According to Ofcom's 2016 Media Use and Attitudes Report,more than 90 pcr cent of those aged 16-34 have social-media accounts.For those aged between 55 and 64,this figure drops t0 51 per cent.For those 65 and over,it's 30 per cent.Interestingly,though,according the Office ofNational Statistics,older people are more likely to be victims ofrepeat fraud.This may be because they tend to be more trusting.Research at the University of California suggests that this isn't just because they grew up in more innocent times.Rather,age-related changes in the brain mean that as people get older,they tend to trust more and question less.30.Which of the following can be the best title ofthe text?

A.Who Is More Likely to Be Cheated,Young or the Older
B.How to Guard Against Online Scam
C.Millennials:The Most Vulnerable Online Victim
D.The Older Who Trusts More

答案：C

解析：

事实细节题。由题干定位到第五段第三句，“他们爱在网上购物，这就意味着更加频繁地输入银行卡信息，这些信息自然就会被更多地存储在数据库中。另外，他们也在网络上分享了太多的个人信息”，故选C项。【干扰排除】A项“有社交媒体账号”是社会普遍现象，文章并没有说有账号就容易被骗，故排除；B项“更频繁地使用信用卡”文中并未提及credit card（信用卡），只是说在网购时输入银行卡信息，故排除；D项文章未提及，故排除。

第3题：

In the author's opinion,______.

A. it is true that life in America is much faster than that in any other city

B. people living outside big cities are lazy and miserable

C. most American people enjoy living in the suburbs of big cities

D. those who are busy are not necessarily unfriendly

正确答案：D

43．答案为D 从第二第三段都可看出作者认为美国人忙碌，但是对外地人还是很友好的，因此选D。A、B、C选项都与原文不符。

第4题：

共用题干
Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay
Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill,new study findings suggest.In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus,researchers found that people with a generally sunny disposition were less likely to fall ill.
The findings,published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,build on evidence that a"positive emotional style"can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses.Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness boosting immune function and subjective as in happy people being less troubled by a scratchy throat or runny nose?
"People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus,"explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh."And when they do get a cold,they may interpret their illness as being less severe."
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less susceptible to catching a cold,but some questions remained as to whether the emotional trait itself had the effect.
For the new study,the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality traits,self-perceived health and emotional"style".Those who tended to be happy,energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style,while those who were often unhappy,tense and hostile had a negative style.
The researchers gave them nasal drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus.Over the next six days,the volunteers reported on any aches,pains,sneezing or congestion they had,while the researchers collected objective data,like daily mucus production.Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal woes,happy people were less likely to develop a cold.

Researchers believed that people who were happy, energetic and easy一going had stronger immune function.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：A

解析：

由文章第一段第二句的后半部分“…researchersfoundthatpeoplewithagenerallysunnydispositionwerelesslikelytofallill.”可知，性格阳光的人不太容易生病，但不是对疾病免疫。
由文章第四段，"…happierpeopleseemedlesssusceptibletocatchingacold…”可知，快乐的人更不易感冒。
由文章第六段最后一句可知，科恩和同事根据由鼻涕化验结果而得出的客观的测验数据而非主观测验发现，乐观的人患感冒的几率更小。
由文章第五段第二句可知，这些研究对象中既包括积极乐观的人，也包括悲观的人。
由文章第二段第一句可知，积极的情绪类型有助于预防感冒和其他疾病。
由文章第二段第二句可知，研究者相信快乐能够增强人的免疫系统。
文章中并未提及家庭和个人情绪类型的关系，因此本题答案为C。

第5题：

It is those people who__most angry at what is going on at university campuses.

A.is
B.was
C.were
D.are

答案：D

解析：

who替代的是主语those people，因此谓语动词用复数形式，本句时态是现在时。

第6题：

In a quiet，darkened lecture room，you begin a frustrating fight against fatigue. The overhead projector hums，and you cannot concentrate on the slides. You stop absorbing information and become absent-minded. The professor lost you a long time ago. You are bored.

Virtually everyone gets bored once in a while. Most of us chalk it up to a dull environment. “The most common way to define boredom in Western culture is‘having nothing to do. ’”says psychologist Stephen Vodanovich of the University of West Florida. And indeed，early research into the effects of boredom focused on people forced to perform. dull tasks，such as working a factory assembly line.

But boredom is not merely an natural property of the circumstances，researchers say. Rather this perception is subjective and rooted in aspects of consciousness. Levels of boredom vary among people：some individuals are far less liable to boredom than others-and some，such as extroverts(性格外向者)，are more likely to have this feeling.

Thus，a new generation of scientists is coping with the psychological interpretations of this most tedious of human emotions-and they have found that it is more complicated than is commonly known. Researchers say that boredom is not a unified concept but rather comes in several flavors. Level of attention，an aspect of conscious awareness，plays an important role in boredom，such that improving a person's ability to focus may therefore decrease boredom. Emotional factors can also contribute to boredom. People who are poor in understanding their own feelings and those who become sucked in and distracted by their moods are more easily bored，for example.

Staying away from tedium is not easy. People who are liable to boredom are more likely to suffer from ills such as depression and drug addiction；they also tend to be socially awkward and poor performers at school or work.

The purpose of the first paragraph is to______.

A．illustrate why people are less able to focus

B．show how boring a lecture in a dark room is

C．tell people how fatigue affects concentration

D．describe a situation where people can get bored

正确答案：D
解析：段落大意题。第一段从一开始就在描绘一种情景，“安静的、黑暗的教室里……投影机嗡嗡地响着……你开始变得心不在焉”。由此可知，第一段的目的是描绘一种容易使人厌倦的情景，故选D。

第7题：

Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in manyways because__________.

A.people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B.people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C.people there are easy to please
D.people there are less disputed

答案：A

解析：

由第一段最后一句“although conditions may not be satisfactory，they are at least custom-ary and undisputed”可知答案为A，此选项是对原文的同义转述。

第8题：

According to the comments on a Monster.com blog, many people think it is hard to get a good job if you don’t lie on your resume.()

此题为判断题(对，错)。

参考答案：对

第9题：

The reasons that happy people were less likely to develop a cold are based on subjective measure.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：B

解析：

第10题：

共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing

Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that it might be a good idea for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep,for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview,Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed."It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake,"he said.

Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to______.
A:fall asleep again
B:become more energetic the following day
C:sleep less than 7 hours
D:confirm those serious consequences
E:suffer sleep problems
F: sleep more than 8 hours

答案：E

解析：

Investigators … found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling , than…该句回应了文章的主题―睡眠时间太长不是好事。对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E（睡眠时间长和睡眠时间短的人所面临的睡眠问题）是答案。
第四段只有一句话：Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep , for instance…这句话表明了该段的中心是“长期睡眠不足的潜在危险“。因此选B。
第五段一开始就提到了Kripke的研究，但后来也说到Sleep problems included … A和F容易相互成为干扰项，具有一定的迷惑性。但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”属于Kripke的问卷上要回答的内容，和Kripke的研究有关，所以判断A是答案。
第六段中出现的Kripke found , Kripke noted和he added表明Kripke的观点和态度应该是该段的中心，对比被选项，排除C（段落中没有出现批评的话语）和F(段落中没有具体提到睡眠问题的表现形式），而该段倒数第二句中one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed(克服失眠的方法之一是少花时间在床上）与D呼应。
根据搭配结构need to do sth．判断所有选项都在语法上合适。因此要借助句意来判断，答案是F。
借助句意“根据报道，睡眠时间长的人更有可能……”，并结合文章主题（睡眠时间长不是好事情）判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容（利用题干中的Long sleepers和 more likely作为答案线索）: Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.
句意为“其中的一个睡眠问题是在半夜醒来，不能……”文章第五段倒数第一句话提到午夜醒来很难再次入睡，直接判断A合适。
句意：“一项调查显示那些习惯性每晚……的人有更高的死亡风险。”在第四段找到相关信息：people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more．判断C是答案。

单选题Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that _____.A people are less likely to lie in instant messagesB people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactionsC people are most likely to lie in email communicationD people are twice as l

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