Y’s utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of__________.

题目
Y’s utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of__________.
X:Who was that you were with last night
Y:Did you know that you were wearing odd socks 《》()

A.quality
B.quantity
C.relation
D.manner
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第1题:

What maxim is flouted in such extreme examples of tautologies as "Boys are boys", and"Lies are lies"?

A.The maxim of quantity.
B.The maxim of quality.
C.The maxim of relevance.
D.The maxim of manner.

答案:A
解析:
考查对交际中合作准则的理解。美国哲学家格莱斯Paul Grice认为.在所有的言语交际活动中,说话人和听话人之间为达到某一个共同的交际目标,都有一种默契,一种双方都立遵守的原则。即合作原则,包括以下四条准则:数量准则、质量准则、关联准则和方式准则。数量准则(The maxim of quantity):①自己所说的话达到所要求的详尽程度;②不能使自己所说的话比所要求的更详细。质量准则(The maxim ofquality):①不要说自己认为不真实的话;②不要说自己缺乏足够证据的话。关联准则(The maxim of relevance):说话要贴切。方式准则(The maxim of manner):①避免晦涩的词语;②避免歧义;③说话要简要;④说话要有条理。题干问的是“Boys are boys”和“Lies are lies”这两个同义重复的极端例子违反了哪个准则。题干中“男孩是男孩”“谎言是谎言”表达不够详尽,所以违反了数量准则.故选A。

第2题:

Which of the following is an entailment of the utterance "Annie broke the window"


A.Annie was careless.

B.Annie was disruptive.

C.Annie did something to the window.

D.It is Annie who broke the window.

答案:C
解析:
考查语句之间的蕴涵关系。A is an entailment of B意为“如果B,则A”,即B为真则A为真。题干中“Annie打破了窗户”为真,则“Annie对窗户做了什么”也为真,其他选项都不成立,故选C。

第3题:

What kind ofpre-sequence is A’s first utterance in the following discourse? ()A: Do you have a rubber?B: Yes.A: May I use it?B: Here you are.

A.Pre-invitation

B.Pre-request

C.Pre-announcement

D.Pre-apology


正确答案:B

第4题:

-Would you mind telling me your address?-Somewhere in the southern of Handan.Which maxim of the Cooperative Principle that above example violates?( )

A.The maxim of quality
B.The maxim of relation
C.The maxim of quantity
D.The maxim of manner

答案:C
解析:
考查语用学知识。数量的准则关注的是话语的信息量,即所提供的信息应是交际需要的,不要提供交际以外的额外信息(不要多也不要少)。关系准则是指说话要相关。质量准则是指不要说自知是虚假的话,也不要说缺乏足够证据的话。方式准则是指说话要清楚、明了,避免晦涩,避免歧义,要简练,井井有条。在这个例子中,回答者没有说出提问者需要的交际信息,信息不足。因此,这个对话违反了数量准则。

第5题:

A: Do you knott, where Mr. Brown is?
B: Somewhere in the southern suburbs of the city.Speaker B violates the maxim of

A.quality
B.quantity
C.manner
D.relation

答案:B
解析:
考查会话含义理论。A向B打听Mr.Brown在哪儿,B回答说“该市南部郊区的某个地方”。显然B没有提供充足的信息量,但这可能是因为他自己也不是很清楚确切地址。为了遵守质量(quality)准则,他只好违反数量(quantity)准则第一条次则——使你的话语如(交谈的当前目的)所要求的那样信息充分。故选B。

第6题:

What maxim is flouted in the examples A: Shall we get something for the kids? B: Yes. But I veto I-C-E-C-R-E-A-M.

A.The maxim of quantity
B.The maxim of quality
C.The maxim of relation
D.The maxim of manner

答案:D
解析:
本题考查合作原则。

D选项,方式原则,在这组对话中,B故意违反了方式准则,为的是故意不让孩子们听懂他们在说什么。综上,正确答案为D。

A选项,数量原则,不体现多少,故排除。

B选项,质量原则,不体现说假话或不确定的话,故排除。

C选项,关联原则,不体现关联性,故排除。

故正确答案为D项。

第7题:

The following conversation clearly violates the_________.
A: How did you finally go to school
B: The bus was so fast so I got to school very early.


A.Maxim of Quantity

B.Maxim of Relation

C.Maxim of Quality

D.Maxim of Manner

答案:A
解析:
考查会话合作准则。题干问的是下列对话违反了什么原则,B的答语比A所想要知道的答案多很多内容,违背了“Maxim of Quantity”。数量准则指的是尽量提供对方所需信息,不提供冗余信息。它包括两方面,一是所需的话应包含交谈目的所需信息量:二是所说的话不应超出交际所需的信息量。A是数量准则。B是关系准则,C是质量准则,D是方式准则。故选A。

第8题:

A: Do you know where Mr. Brown is?
B: Somewhere in the southern suburbs of the city.
Speaker B violates the maxim of__________.

A.quality
B.quantity
C.manner
D.relation

答案:B
解析:
考查会话含义理论。A向B打听Mr.Brown在哪儿,B回答说“该市南部郊区的某个地方”。显然B没有提供充足的信息量,但这可能是因为他自己也不是很清楚确切地址。为了遵守质量(quality)7隹则,他只好违反数量(quantity)准$U第一条次则——使你的话语如(交谈的当前目的)所要求的那样信息充分。故选B。

第9题:

In most circumstances, the assumption of cooperation is so pervasive that it can be stated as a cooperative principle of conversation and elaborated in maxims below except_______

A.manner maxim
B.quality maxim
C.quantity maxim
D.agreement maxim

答案:D
解析:
考查语用学中的合作原则。合作原则有四个准则:数量准则、质量准则、关联准则和方式准则.因此只有D项是不包含在内的。故选D。

第10题:

-It was an interesting exhibition, wasn′t it?-No, it was very uninteresting.Which maxim of the Politeness Principle that above example violates?( )

A.The tact maxim
B.The modesty maxim
C.The agreement maxim
D.The sympathy maxim

答案:C
解析:
考查语用学知识。A项“得体准则”指尽量减少有损他人的观点,增加有益他人的观点;B项“谦逊准则”指减少对自己的表扬,对自己多贬低少赞扬;C项“一致准则”指尽量保持自己与别人在观点上的一致性,尽量避免冲突;D项“同情准则”指减少感情上的对立,尽量体谅、同情对方。在这个例子中,回答者直截了当地承认这场展览很无趣,与问话者的观点相反,违反了礼貌原则中的“一致性准则”。

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