Y’s utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of__________.
题目
Y’s utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of__________.
X:Who was that you were with last night
Y:Did you know that you were wearing odd socks 《》()
What maxim is flouted in such extreme examples of tautologies as "Boys are boys", and"Lies are lies"?
A.The maxim of quantity.
B.The maxim of quality.
C.The maxim of relevance.
D.The maxim of manner.
答案:A
解析:
考查对交际中合作准则的理解。美国哲学家格莱斯Paul Grice认为.在所有的言语交际活动中,说话人和听话人之间为达到某一个共同的交际目标,都有一种默契,一种双方都立遵守的原则。即合作原则,包括以下四条准则:数量准则、质量准则、关联准则和方式准则。数量准则(The maxim of quantity):①自己所说的话达到所要求的详尽程度;②不能使自己所说的话比所要求的更详细。质量准则(The maxim ofquality):①不要说自己认为不真实的话;②不要说自己缺乏足够证据的话。关联准则(The maxim of relevance):说话要贴切。方式准则(The maxim of manner):①避免晦涩的词语;②避免歧义;③说话要简要;④说话要有条理。题干问的是“Boys are boys”和“Lies are lies”这两个同义重复的极端例子违反了哪个准则。题干中“男孩是男孩”“谎言是谎言”表达不够详尽,所以违反了数量准则.故选A。
第2题:
Which of the following is an entailment of the utterance "Annie broke the window"
A.Annie was careless.
B.Annie was disruptive.
C.Annie did something to the window.
D.It is Annie who broke the window.
答案:C
解析:
考查语句之间的蕴涵关系。A is an entailment of B意为“如果B,则A”,即B为真则A为真。题干中“Annie打破了窗户”为真,则“Annie对窗户做了什么”也为真,其他选项都不成立,故选C。
第3题:
What kind ofpre-sequence is A’s first utterance in the following discourse? ()A: Do you have a rubber?B: Yes.A: May I use it?B: Here you are.
A.Pre-invitation
B.Pre-request
C.Pre-announcement
D.Pre-apology
正确答案:B
第4题:
-Would you mind telling me your address?-Somewhere in the southern of Handan.Which maxim of the Cooperative Principle that above example violates?( )
A.The maxim of quality
B.The maxim of relation
C.The maxim of quantity
D.The maxim of manner
The following conversation clearly violates the_________.
A: How did you finally go to school
B: The bus was so fast so I got to school very early.
A.Maxim of Quantity
B.Maxim of Relation
C.Maxim of Quality
D.Maxim of Manner
答案:A
解析:
考查会话合作准则。题干问的是下列对话违反了什么原则,B的答语比A所想要知道的答案多很多内容,违背了“Maxim of Quantity”。数量准则指的是尽量提供对方所需信息,不提供冗余信息。它包括两方面,一是所需的话应包含交谈目的所需信息量:二是所说的话不应超出交际所需的信息量。A是数量准则。B是关系准则,C是质量准则,D是方式准则。故选A。
第8题:
A: Do you know where Mr. Brown is?
B: Somewhere in the southern suburbs of the city.
Speaker B violates the maxim of__________.
In most circumstances, the assumption of cooperation is so pervasive that it can be stated as a cooperative principle of conversation and elaborated in maxims below except_______