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共用题干 Survey Found Many Women Misinformed About Cancer Sixty-three percent of American women think that if there's no family history of cancer,they're not likely to develop the disease,a new survey found. In fact,most people who develop cancer have no fami

题目
共用题干
Survey Found Many Women Misinformed About Cancer Sixty-three percent of American women think that if there's no family history of cancer,they're not likely to develop the disease,a new survey found. In fact,most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer,according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ( ACOG)（美国妇产科医师学会）,which sponsored the survey.
"Too many women are dying from cancer,"Dr.Douglas W.Laube,ACOG's immediate past president, said during a Friday teleconference."An estimated 200,070 women will die in the U.S.this year,and over 600 , 078 women will be diagnosed with cancer.The results of this survey found a worrisome（令人担忧的） gap in women's knowledge about cancer."
Based on the findings,ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests.
Although the survey found many misconceptions（错误观念）about cancer , 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease. However,only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk.And 10 percent said they hadn't done anything in the past years to lower their risk.17 percent said they wouldn't change their lifestyles, even if changes would lower their cancer risk. Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer.
Twenty percent said they didn't want to know if they had cancer. In response to these findings,ACOG will launch on Oct.29 a new website-Protect & Detect:What Women Should Know about Cancer.The guide is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer-and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk.

ACOG's efforts to educate women about cancer will be greatly appreciated.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

共用题干
第一篇

Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor

The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more
likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies on lung cancer. They
said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor Research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city
than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
"An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,"said Dr. He Yumin from Shanghai
Minshen Traditional Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Centre.
He followed 2, 276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed
cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil
fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of
women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumc、 could lead to cancer. Some claimed
they may change food preparation methods.
"Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,"said Xu Li,
a 45-year-old local woman."I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time that I heard it
result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less."
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely
related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
"Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,"said Dr. Tan Binyong,honorary president
of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College."It's true that second-hand
smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women."
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried food due to the poor quality of
the oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if one is exposed to the fume for a long time,
experts said.

Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai?
A:Heart disease.
B:Breast cancer.
C:Infectious disease.
D:Lung cancer.

答案：B
解析：
由文章第二段的第二句“They said patients are younger, especially women.”可知，肺癌 的新趋势就是“病人更年轻，尤其是妇女”。故D项正确。
由文章第三段的内容可知，肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，发病率高居第二，由此可见，乳腺癌 才是最常见的疾病。
由文章第七段的内容可知，60％以上患肺癌的妇女都长期接触厨房油烟，并抱怨眼睛 发炎和喉咙疼痛难受。故A项正确。
由文章第九段的内容可知，当妇女们知道厨房的油烟可以致癌时都感到非常惊讶。故 B项正确。
本题为词义辨析题。首先要注意倒数第五段中的两处文字，即had few links to…和was closely related to...，其中 link to意为connection with，而relate to则意为connect with，都是“联 系”的意思。few和little一样，都是具有否定意义的词，意为“很少，几乎没有”，只是后面的名 词分别为可数名词和不可数名词而已。如果这一点明白了，也就很容易回答这道题了。第二篇 本篇文章主要讲述了古代人用植物草药治疗疾病保待健康。直到今天，植物草药在人类医 疗保健方面仍发挥着很大的作用，但是其供应量却在急速下降。

第2题：

共用题干
Beyond the Pap
Scientists have known for some time that virtually all cases of cervical cancer are triggered by a family of viruses called human papillomavirus,or HPV.Most women who become infected with HPV are able to shake off the virus and suffer no apparent long-term consequences to their health.But a few women develop a per- sistent infection that can,for reasons that are not entirely clear,eventually lead to cancerous changes in the cervix。
Now researchers at the Digene Corp.of Beltsville,Maryland,have developed a test that detects an ac- tive HPV infection by looking for its genetic byproducts in the vagina.The HPV test was better than the standard Pap test at finding cervical cancer at any stage,according to two studies published this month in the Journal of the American Medical Association.So far,so good.Unfortunately,the test's false-positive rate- how often it indicated that there was a problem when none existed-was almost twice as high as that for the Pap smear.In these cases,a biopsy of the woman's cervix showed no sign of disease.
And that's the crux of the problem.How many women should undergo what is,when it comes right down to it,unnecessary treatment to find a few more cases of cervical cancer? Shouldn't health officials fodus instead on making sure that more women undergo regular Papsmear examinations?After all,Pap smears,though far from perfect,have helped dramatically lower the death toll from cervical cancer,taking it from the No.1 cause of death due to cancer in American women to the 10th.
Complicating matters is the fact that HPV is a very common infection.In some parts of the US as many as half of all women under age 35 have an active case.Yet 99 out of 100 women who are HPV-positive will never get cervical cancer,estimates Dr.Joanna Cain,vice president of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists."If those 99 women live their lives as if they're going to develop cancer,"she says, "we're not necessarily doing them any good."
At present,the HPV test is approved in the US only to help resolve ambiguous results from a Papsmear test.Many gynecologists believe that HPV will eventually replace the Pap.But they're not willing to aban don it without a lot more detailed information and neither should you.

rfhe HPV test was better than the standard Pap test in every aspect.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：B
解析：
文章第一段第一句中提到，一段时间以来，科学家们已经知道几乎所有的子宫颈癌病例都是由一组名为人类乳头状瘤病毒或HPV的病毒引起的，但题干中所陈述的一段时间以前美国科学家发现了引发子宫颈癌的原因在文章中并未提及。故本题选C。
由文章第一段最后一句话可知，只有少数妇女会在长期感染这种病毒后发生宫颈癌变。题干内容与之相符，故选A。
文章第二段前半部分内容主要描述了人类乳头状瘤病毒检测方法的优势。但在第四句中提到，这种试验的假阳性率是巴氏涂片试验假阳性率的两倍，故选B。
由文章第三段最后一句的内容可知，虽然巴氏涂片试验还远未完善，但却为减少因子宫颈癌而死亡的人数起到了巨大的帮助作用。题干的内容和此处含义相符，故选A。
由文章第三段最后一句中的“… taking it from the No.1 cause of death due to … to the 10th.”可知，子宫颈癌是危害美国女性生命和健康的头号杀手，题干的内容表述正确，故选A。
文章第四段中提到，99%的人类乳头状瘤病毒阳性的妇女都不会患子宫颈癌。如果医务工作者使这些女性惶惶不安，整日担心会患上癌症，这将会给她们带来不良影响。故本题选A。
文章最后一段第二句中提到，很多妇科专家都相信人类乳头状瘤病毒试验终将取代巴氏涂片试验。但作者在此处只是客观陈述，并未表达自己的观点。故本题选C。

第3题：

共用题干
Breast Cancer Deaths Record Low

The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a
year for the first time since records began.
The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007.
The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1 97 1一 the year records began一after which it rose
steadily year by year until the late 1980s.
Professor Peter Johnson,Cancer Research UK's chief clinician,said,"It's incredibly encouraging to see fewer
women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years,despite breast cancer being diagnosed
more often."
"Research has played a crucial role in this progress,leading to improved treatments and better
management for women with the disease."
"The introduction of the NHS（国民保健制度）breast screening program has also contributed as the
earlier cancer is diagnosed,women are more likely to survive."
Breast cancer is now the nost common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with
the disease一a 50% rise in 25 years.
The number of deaths peaked in 1989,when 15,625 women died.It then fell by between 200 and 400
deaths each year until 2004.
There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.
Dr. Sarah Cant,policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer,said,"It is great news that fewer women
are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments,breast screening and
awareness of the disease."
"However,there are still too many women affected and the incidence of the disease is increasing year by
year.,,
The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity
（肥胖）and alcohol consumption.

11,990 women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2007.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：A
解析：
该题句意为：在英国，2007年有11 990名女子死于乳腺癌。根据第二段中“The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11 ,990 women died in the UK in 2007”可知，2007年英国癌症研 究中心的数据显示，2007年美国妇女的死亡人数是11 990。虽然没有专门强调死亡是由乳腺 癌所致，不过根据句子中的“Cancer Research”和第一段的内容推断，此数字就是乳腺癌的死亡 人数。因此该推论是正确的。
该题句意为：在英国，乳腺癌患者的死亡统计是从1971年开始的。根据文章第三段中 "The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971一the year records began...”可知，先前的最 低点是在1971年，即开始作统计的那一年。由此得知该推论是正确的。
该题句意为：在英国乳腺癌诊断的比率一直在下降。根据第四段中“...despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often."(······尽管被诊断为乳腺癌的病例越来越常见）可知，该论 断是错误。
该论断在文章中未提及。
该论断在文章中未提及。
该题句意为：2005年英国死于乳腺癌的女性人数少于2004年。根据倒数第四段中 "There was a slight rise in 2005"(2005年人数略微上升）可以推断，该论断是错误的。
最后一段中说ohesity（肥胖）and alcohol consumption是诱发乳腺癌的原因，但未提及其 他疾病，因此选C。Put downto的意思是“归因于”。

第4题：

共用题干
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.
He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.
Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.
“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.

What symptoms may be complained of by most women with lung cancer after long term close contact with cooking oil fumes?
A:Irritated eyes and throat.
B: Severe pain in both lungs.
C: Continuous cough and headache.
D: Difficulty in breathing.

答案：A
解析：
题干意为“研究者总结出的一种肺癌的新趋势是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语a new tendency, lung cancer, researchers作为定位线索，在短文第二段中找到 相关句：Doctors（与researchers呼应）announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger , especially women．第二段提到 “医生们昨天宣布这一结果，并对肺癌患病的一些新趋势做出了分析。他们认为病人越来越年轻化，尤其是女性患者”。由此可知D项“肺癌患者越来越年轻化，尤其是女性患者”。
题干意为“下面哪种疾病在上海居民中最常见？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语local residents , Shanghai作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰短语the most common 在短文中的出现情况，这样在短文第三段中找到相关句：According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Fol-lowing breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate．定位线索词集中出现在第三段 中，该段提到“依据上海肿瘤研究所统计显示，上海死于肺癌的居民多于死于其他疾病的人。 肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，为第二高发病率的疾病”，可见乳腺癌是上海本地居民中最常见的疾病。因此答案为B项“乳腺癌”。
题干意为“大多数长期与厨房油烟接触的妇女可能会诉说什么症状？”利 用题干中的细节信息词/短语symptoms , most women , lung cancer , long term close contact作为定位线索，在第七段中找到相关句：However, more than 60 percent of women（与most women呼应）with the disease had long term close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat．相关句意为“然而，60%以上患肺癌的女性都长期接触厨房油烟并诉说眼睛和喉咙疼痛难受”，因此答案为A项“眼睛和喉呢疼痛难受”。
题干意为“当地妇女了解到厨房油烟会导致癌症时，她们的反应是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语local women's reaction,cancer作为定位线索，在第九段中找 到相关句：However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods．第九段提到“但是，当妇女们 知道厨房油烟可以致癌时都很惊讶，其中一些人表示要改变烹饪方法”。由此判断答案为B 项“吃惊的”。
题干意为“下面哪个选项的内容与女性肺癌的关联性很小？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语relatively little connection,women's lung cancer作为定位线索，这样在倒数第五段中找到相关句：Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to（与 relatively little connection呼应）personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems．该段意为“医生们认为， 女性患肺癌和个人健康及身体状况联系极少，但是和肿瘤家族病史，不健康的饮食习惯和脆 弱的免疫系统联系紧密”。由此可知答案为D项“个人健康及身体状况”。

第5题：

共用题干
Beyond the Pap
Scientists have known for some time that virtually all cases of cervical cancer are triggered by a family of viruses called human papillomavirus,or HPV.Most women who become infected with HPV are able to shake off the virus and suffer no apparent long-term consequences to their health.But a few women develop a per- sistent infection that can,for reasons that are not entirely clear,eventually lead to cancerous changes in the cervix。
Now researchers at the Digene Corp.of Beltsville,Maryland,have developed a test that detects an ac- tive HPV infection by looking for its genetic byproducts in the vagina.The HPV test was better than the standard Pap test at finding cervical cancer at any stage,according to two studies published this month in the Journal of the American Medical Association.So far,so good.Unfortunately,the test's false-positive rate- how often it indicated that there was a problem when none existed-was almost twice as high as that for the Pap smear.In these cases,a biopsy of the woman's cervix showed no sign of disease.
And that's the crux of the problem.How many women should undergo what is,when it comes right down to it,unnecessary treatment to find a few more cases of cervical cancer? Shouldn't health officials fodus instead on making sure that more women undergo regular Papsmear examinations?After all,Pap smears,though far from perfect,have helped dramatically lower the death toll from cervical cancer,taking it from the No.1 cause of death due to cancer in American women to the 10th.
Complicating matters is the fact that HPV is a very common infection.In some parts of the US as many as half of all women under age 35 have an active case.Yet 99 out of 100 women who are HPV-positive will never get cervical cancer,estimates Dr.Joanna Cain,vice president of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists."If those 99 women live their lives as if they're going to develop cancer,"she says, "we're not necessarily doing them any good."
At present,the HPV test is approved in the US only to help resolve ambiguous results from a Papsmear test.Many gynecologists believe that HPV will eventually replace the Pap.But they're not willing to aban don it without a lot more detailed information and neither should you.

Cervical cancer used to be the No.1 killer cancer to women in America.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：A
解析：
文章第一段第一句中提到，一段时间以来，科学家们已经知道几乎所有的子宫颈癌病例都是由一组名为人类乳头状瘤病毒或HPV的病毒引起的，但题干中所陈述的一段时间以前美国科学家发现了引发子宫颈癌的原因在文章中并未提及。故本题选C。
由文章第一段最后一句话可知，只有少数妇女会在长期感染这种病毒后发生宫颈癌变。题干内容与之相符，故选A。
文章第二段前半部分内容主要描述了人类乳头状瘤病毒检测方法的优势。但在第四句中提到，这种试验的假阳性率是巴氏涂片试验假阳性率的两倍，故选B。
由文章第三段最后一句的内容可知，虽然巴氏涂片试验还远未完善，但却为减少因子宫颈癌而死亡的人数起到了巨大的帮助作用。题干的内容和此处含义相符，故选A。
由文章第三段最后一句中的“… taking it from the No.1 cause of death due to … to the 10th.”可知，子宫颈癌是危害美国女性生命和健康的头号杀手，题干的内容表述正确，故选A。
文章第四段中提到，99%的人类乳头状瘤病毒阳性的妇女都不会患子宫颈癌。如果医务工作者使这些女性惶惶不安，整日担心会患上癌症，这将会给她们带来不良影响。故本题选A。
文章最后一段第二句中提到，很多妇科专家都相信人类乳头状瘤病毒试验终将取代巴氏涂片试验。但作者在此处只是客观陈述，并未表达自己的观点。故本题选C。

第6题：

共用题干
第一篇

Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor

The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more
likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies on lung cancer. They
said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor Research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city
than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
"An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,"said Dr. He Yumin from Shanghai
Minshen Traditional Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Centre.
He followed 2, 276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed
cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil
fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of
women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumc、 could lead to cancer. Some claimed
they may change food preparation methods.
"Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,"said Xu Li,
a 45-year-old local woman."I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time that I heard it
result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less."
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely
related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
"Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,"said Dr. Tan Binyong,honorary president
of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College."It's true that second-hand
smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women."
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried food due to the poor quality of
the oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if one is exposed to the fume for a long time,
experts said.

What symptoms may be complained of by women with lung cancer after long term,close contact with cooking oil fumes?
A:Irritated eyes and throat.
B:Severe pain in both lungs.
C:Continuous cough and headache.
D:Difficulty in breathing.

答案：A
解析：
由文章第二段的第二句“They said patients are younger, especially women.”可知，肺癌 的新趋势就是“病人更年轻，尤其是妇女”。故D项正确。
由文章第三段的内容可知，肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，发病率高居第二，由此可见，乳腺癌 才是最常见的疾病。
由文章第七段的内容可知，60％以上患肺癌的妇女都长期接触厨房油烟，并抱怨眼睛 发炎和喉咙疼痛难受。故A项正确。
由文章第九段的内容可知，当妇女们知道厨房的油烟可以致癌时都感到非常惊讶。故 B项正确。
本题为词义辨析题。首先要注意倒数第五段中的两处文字，即had few links to…和was closely related to...，其中 link to意为connection with，而relate to则意为connect with，都是“联 系”的意思。few和little一样，都是具有否定意义的词，意为“很少，几乎没有”，只是后面的名 词分别为可数名词和不可数名词而已。如果这一点明白了，也就很容易回答这道题了。第二篇 本篇文章主要讲述了古代人用植物草药治疗疾病保待健康。直到今天，植物草药在人类医 疗保健方面仍发挥着很大的作用，但是其供应量却在急速下降。

第7题：

共用题干
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.
He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.
Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.
“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.

What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?
A: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.
B: Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men.
C: Patients with lung cancer become older,especially males.
D: Patients with lung cancer become younger,especially females.

答案：D
解析：
题干意为“研究者总结出的一种肺癌的新趋势是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语a new tendency, lung cancer, researchers作为定位线索，在短文第二段中找到 相关句：Doctors（与researchers呼应）announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger , especially women．第二段提到 “医生们昨天宣布这一结果，并对肺癌患病的一些新趋势做出了分析。他们认为病人越来越年轻化，尤其是女性患者”。由此可知D项“肺癌患者越来越年轻化，尤其是女性患者”。
题干意为“下面哪种疾病在上海居民中最常见？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语local residents , Shanghai作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰短语the most common 在短文中的出现情况，这样在短文第三段中找到相关句：According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Fol-lowing breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate．定位线索词集中出现在第三段 中，该段提到“依据上海肿瘤研究所统计显示，上海死于肺癌的居民多于死于其他疾病的人。 肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，为第二高发病率的疾病”，可见乳腺癌是上海本地居民中最常见的疾病。因此答案为B项“乳腺癌”。
题干意为“大多数长期与厨房油烟接触的妇女可能会诉说什么症状？”利 用题干中的细节信息词/短语symptoms , most women , lung cancer , long term close contact作为定位线索，在第七段中找到相关句：However, more than 60 percent of women（与most women呼应）with the disease had long term close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat．相关句意为“然而，60%以上患肺癌的女性都长期接触厨房油烟并诉说眼睛和喉咙疼痛难受”，因此答案为A项“眼睛和喉呢疼痛难受”。
题干意为“当地妇女了解到厨房油烟会导致癌症时，她们的反应是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语local women's reaction,cancer作为定位线索，在第九段中找 到相关句：However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods．第九段提到“但是，当妇女们 知道厨房油烟可以致癌时都很惊讶，其中一些人表示要改变烹饪方法”。由此判断答案为B 项“吃惊的”。
题干意为“下面哪个选项的内容与女性肺癌的关联性很小？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语relatively little connection,women's lung cancer作为定位线索，这样在倒数第五段中找到相关句：Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to（与 relatively little connection呼应）personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems．该段意为“医生们认为， 女性患肺癌和个人健康及身体状况联系极少，但是和肿瘤家族病史，不健康的饮食习惯和脆 弱的免疫系统联系紧密”。由此可知答案为D项“个人健康及身体状况”。

第8题：

共用题干
Breast Cancer Deaths Record Low

The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a
year for the first time since records began.
The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007.
The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1 97 1一 the year records began一after which it rose
steadily year by year until the late 1980s.
Professor Peter Johnson,Cancer Research UK's chief clinician,said,"It's incredibly encouraging to see fewer
women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years,despite breast cancer being diagnosed
more often."
"Research has played a crucial role in this progress,leading to improved treatments and better
management for women with the disease."
"The introduction of the NHS（国民保健制度）breast screening program has also contributed as the
earlier cancer is diagnosed,women are more likely to survive."
Breast cancer is now the nost common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with
the disease一a 50% rise in 25 years.
The number of deaths peaked in 1989,when 15,625 women died.It then fell by between 200 and 400
deaths each year until 2004.
There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.
Dr. Sarah Cant,policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer,said,"It is great news that fewer women
are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments,breast screening and
awareness of the disease."
"However,there are still too many women affected and the incidence of the disease is increasing year by
year.,,
The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity
（肥胖）and alcohol consumption.

Breast cancer is more common in the UK than in many other countries.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：C
解析：
该题句意为：在英国，2007年有11 990名女子死于乳腺癌。根据第二段中“The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11 ,990 women died in the UK in 2007”可知，2007年英国癌症研 究中心的数据显示，2007年美国妇女的死亡人数是11 990。虽然没有专门强调死亡是由乳腺 癌所致，不过根据句子中的“Cancer Research”和第一段的内容推断，此数字就是乳腺癌的死亡 人数。因此该推论是正确的。
该题句意为：在英国，乳腺癌患者的死亡统计是从1971年开始的。根据文章第三段中 "The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971一the year records began...”可知，先前的最 低点是在1971年，即开始作统计的那一年。由此得知该推论是正确的。
该题句意为：在英国乳腺癌诊断的比率一直在下降。根据第四段中“...despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often."(······尽管被诊断为乳腺癌的病例越来越常见）可知，该论 断是错误。
该论断在文章中未提及。
该论断在文章中未提及。
该题句意为：2005年英国死于乳腺癌的女性人数少于2004年。根据倒数第四段中 "There was a slight rise in 2005"(2005年人数略微上升）可以推断，该论断是错误的。
最后一段中说ohesity（肥胖）and alcohol consumption是诱发乳腺癌的原因，但未提及其 他疾病，因此选C。Put downto的意思是“归因于”。

第9题：

共用题干
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.
He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.
Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.
“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.

Which of the following has relatively little connection with women's lung cancer?
A: Family cancer history.
B: Unhealthy dietary habits.
C: Weak immune systems.
D: Personal health and physical condition.

答案：D
解析：
题干意为“研究者总结出的一种肺癌的新趋势是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语a new tendency, lung cancer, researchers作为定位线索，在短文第二段中找到 相关句：Doctors（与researchers呼应）announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger , especially women．第二段提到 “医生们昨天宣布这一结果，并对肺癌患病的一些新趋势做出了分析。他们认为病人越来越年轻化，尤其是女性患者”。由此可知D项“肺癌患者越来越年轻化，尤其是女性患者”。
题干意为“下面哪种疾病在上海居民中最常见？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语local residents , Shanghai作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰短语the most common 在短文中的出现情况，这样在短文第三段中找到相关句：According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Fol-lowing breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate．定位线索词集中出现在第三段 中，该段提到“依据上海肿瘤研究所统计显示，上海死于肺癌的居民多于死于其他疾病的人。 肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，为第二高发病率的疾病”，可见乳腺癌是上海本地居民中最常见的疾病。因此答案为B项“乳腺癌”。
题干意为“大多数长期与厨房油烟接触的妇女可能会诉说什么症状？”利 用题干中的细节信息词/短语symptoms , most women , lung cancer , long term close contact作为定位线索，在第七段中找到相关句：However, more than 60 percent of women（与most women呼应）with the disease had long term close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat．相关句意为“然而，60%以上患肺癌的女性都长期接触厨房油烟并诉说眼睛和喉咙疼痛难受”，因此答案为A项“眼睛和喉呢疼痛难受”。
题干意为“当地妇女了解到厨房油烟会导致癌症时，她们的反应是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语local women's reaction,cancer作为定位线索，在第九段中找 到相关句：However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods．第九段提到“但是，当妇女们 知道厨房油烟可以致癌时都很惊讶，其中一些人表示要改变烹饪方法”。由此判断答案为B 项“吃惊的”。
题干意为“下面哪个选项的内容与女性肺癌的关联性很小？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语relatively little connection,women's lung cancer作为定位线索，这样在倒数第五段中找到相关句：Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to（与 relatively little connection呼应）personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems．该段意为“医生们认为， 女性患肺癌和个人健康及身体状况联系极少，但是和肿瘤家族病史，不健康的饮食习惯和脆 弱的免疫系统联系紧密”。由此可知答案为D项“个人健康及身体状况”。

第10题：

共用题干
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.
He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.
Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.
“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.

What was the local women's reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?
A: Happy.
B: Surprised.
C: Angry.
D: Careless.

答案：B
解析：
题干意为“研究者总结出的一种肺癌的新趋势是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语a new tendency, lung cancer, researchers作为定位线索，在短文第二段中找到 相关句：Doctors（与researchers呼应）announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger , especially women．第二段提到 “医生们昨天宣布这一结果，并对肺癌患病的一些新趋势做出了分析。他们认为病人越来越年轻化，尤其是女性患者”。由此可知D项“肺癌患者越来越年轻化，尤其是女性患者”。
题干意为“下面哪种疾病在上海居民中最常见？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语local residents , Shanghai作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰短语the most common 在短文中的出现情况，这样在短文第三段中找到相关句：According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Fol-lowing breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate．定位线索词集中出现在第三段 中，该段提到“依据上海肿瘤研究所统计显示，上海死于肺癌的居民多于死于其他疾病的人。 肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，为第二高发病率的疾病”，可见乳腺癌是上海本地居民中最常见的疾病。因此答案为B项“乳腺癌”。
题干意为“大多数长期与厨房油烟接触的妇女可能会诉说什么症状？”利 用题干中的细节信息词/短语symptoms , most women , lung cancer , long term close contact作为定位线索，在第七段中找到相关句：However, more than 60 percent of women（与most women呼应）with the disease had long term close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat．相关句意为“然而，60%以上患肺癌的女性都长期接触厨房油烟并诉说眼睛和喉咙疼痛难受”，因此答案为A项“眼睛和喉呢疼痛难受”。
题干意为“当地妇女了解到厨房油烟会导致癌症时，她们的反应是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语local women's reaction,cancer作为定位线索，在第九段中找 到相关句：However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods．第九段提到“但是，当妇女们 知道厨房油烟可以致癌时都很惊讶，其中一些人表示要改变烹饪方法”。由此判断答案为B 项“吃惊的”。
题干意为“下面哪个选项的内容与女性肺癌的关联性很小？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语relatively little connection,women's lung cancer作为定位线索，这样在倒数第五段中找到相关句：Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to（与 relatively little connection呼应）personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems．该段意为“医生们认为， 女性患肺癌和个人健康及身体状况联系极少，但是和肿瘤家族病史，不健康的饮食习惯和脆 弱的免疫系统联系紧密”。由此可知答案为D项“个人健康及身体状况”。

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