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共用题干 Obesity（肥胖）Causes Global WarmingThe list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing:Last week,obese people were accused of causing global warming.This.____(51)comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University,of Illinois,Us,and a doctoral student, Lau

题目
共用题干
Obesity（肥胖）Causes Global Warming
The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing:Last week,obese people were accused of causing global warming.
This.____(51)comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University,of Illinois,Us,and a doctoral student, Laura McLay.Their study_______(52)how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around.The answer,they say,is a billion gallons of gas per year.It_______(53)an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.
There have been______(54)for taxes on junk food in recent years.US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food__.____(55)to people's cars."We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost,"Schmidt said."Similarly，leading a lazy lifestyle will end______(56)costing taxpayers more."
US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments? But such__________(57)are getting attention.
At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting,one person__________(58)obesity、with car accident deaths,and another correlated obesity with suicides.No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship,"The funny thing was that everyone took it.______(59),"Oliver said.
In a 1960s study,children were_________(60)drawings of children with disabilities and without them,and a drawing of an obese child.They were asked______(61)they would want for a friend?The obese Child was picked last.
Three researchers recently repeated the study_______(62)college students.Once again,__.___(63) no one,not even obese people,liked the obese person.
But,researchers say,getting__________(64)is not like quitting smoking.People struggle to stop smoking,and,in the end,many succeed.Obesity is different。Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.Genes also________（65)a part?

_________54
A:calls
B:cries
C:sounds
D:noises
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

Questions 88-90 refer to the following advertisement.
Obese people are less productive in the workplace and more prone to injury, a study claims. The researchers say their findings were so extreme that overweight people may need to take longer breaks to recover from the strains of work. They assessed how long it took for people of various sizes to perform certain tasks in the workplace. Obese people had, on average, 40 per cent shorter endurance times.
The study, conducted at Virginia Tech and the University at Buffalo in the U.S., examined the endurance of 32 people in four categories: non-obese young, obese young, non-obese older, and obese older. Each of them completed three tasks that involved a range of skills: hand grip, shoulder elevation, and a simulated assembly operation. Every task involved periods of work and rest, and included a level of activity similar to manufacturing settings.
The number of people who are obese has doubled over the past three decades-and has been linked to higher rates of workplace injury and a greater number of days of sick. ‘Workers who are obese may need longer rest breaks to return to their initial state of muscle function,’ said Dr Cavuoto. Based on the increased fatigue found
among workers who are obese, workplace designers may need to consider adding fixtures and supports to minimize the amount of time that body mass segments need to be supported. ‘We believe our results will help to develop more inclusive ergonomic guideline,’ she added. The researchers also looked at the effect of obesity and age on endurance times.
Previous research has indicated that both age and obesity hamper mobility-particularly when it comes to walking and low-energy tasks. But the researchers in this study, published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, found no such link.

What does the “ergonomic guideline” （paragraph 3） mean?

A. guidelines aimed at improving working conditions
B. guidelines aimed at helping people lose weight
C. guidelines aimed at improving working efficiency
D. guidelines aimed at reducing the workload

答案：A
解析：
词义推断题。因为第五段提到肥胖员工需要更多的休息时间来恢复状态，继而提到“workplace designers may need to consider adding fixture and supports to minimize the amount of time that body mass segments need to be supported”，表明工作场所需要增加设备和支撑物来应对这一需求，所以ergonomic 指的就是工作条件的改善了。故选A。

第2题：

共用题干
Obesity:the Scourge of the Western World
Obesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world,delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to state-ments before the opening of the conference一of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries一1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight,and 250 million are obese.
Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said:“Obesity is a chronic ill-ness.In Germany,20 percent of the people are already affected,but in Japan only one per-cent.”But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.
Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said:“We are living in the new age(but)with the metabolism of a stone-age man.”“I have just been to the United States.It is really terni-ble.A pizza shop is springing up on every corner. We have been overrun by fast food and Co-ca-Cola-ization.”
Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said:“Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty percent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty percent with adipose tissue complaints.”“Ten percent more weight means thirteen percent more risk of heart disease.Reducing one's weight by ten percent leads to thirteen percent lower blood pressure.”
Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs.“Though the health insurance pays for surgery( such as re-ducing the size of the stomach)when the body-mass index is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters.One should start earlier.”
Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school.“Child obesity(fat deposits)correlates with the time which children spend in front of TV sets.”The consequences were only apparent later on. No more than fifteen percent of obese people lived to the average life ex-pectancy for their population group.

It is estimated that there are______people suffering from obesity in the world.
A: 250,000,000
B:1,200,000,000
C: 1,450,000,000
D: 950,000,000

答案：A
解析：
题干意为“据估计，全世界有……人患有肥胖病”。备选项很特殊，全是数字，因此利用备选项中的数字作为定位线索，在第一段找到相关句：Obesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world,delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to statements before the opening of the conference一of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries一1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight , and 250 million are obese．相关句（定位线索词集中出现的句子）提到“全世界有12亿人体重超重，而2.5亿人肥胖”。由此判断答案为A。
题干意为“短文中提到在发达国家中……的居民可能受到肥胖的影响最 小”。利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语developed countries and areas , European, German,American, Japanese作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰词least affected（受到影 响最小的），在第二段中找到相关句：Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said: “Obesity is a chronic illness. In Germany（与Germany呼应）,20 percent of the people are already affected , but in Japan（与Japanese呼应）only one percent. ”But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication．相关句提到“德国20%的人已经患有肥胖病，而日本只有1%”。在第三段中作者说他去过美国，那里到处是比萨店，快餐食品，可口可乐，可见美国的胖人也不少。至于全欧洲，因为这次关于肥胖问题的会议是在维也纳召开的，而且短文第一句提到肥胖症正迅速成为西方世界的祸害，由此可推断出欧洲胖人也不少，因此发达国家中受到肥胖症影响的最小的可能就是日本了。所以答案为D。
题干意为“下面哪种疾病最常伴随肥胖病出现？”关注题干中的修饰词most often，利用备选项中的细节信息词/短语high blood pressure, fatty tissue complaints, diabetes, stomach-ache作为定位线索，在第四段中找到相关句：Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichier said:“Eighty percent of all diabetics（与diabetes呼应）are obese,also fifty percent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty percent with adipose tissue complaints.”“Ten percent more weight means thirteen percent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten percent leads to thirteen percent lower blood pressure.”相关句提到“80%的糖尿病患者肥胖，而高血压和脂肪组织疾病患者伴有肥胖症的都各为50%”，由此可见糖尿病并发肥胖病是最多的，所以答案为C。
题干意为“体重，心脏病和血压之间有什么关系？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语correlation, body weight , heart disease, blood pressure作为定位线索，在第四段找到相关句：Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichier said:“Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty percent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty percent with adipose tissue complaints.”“Ten percent more weight means thirteen percent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten percent leads to thirteen percent lower blood pressure.”相关句提到“体重增加10%意味着患心脏病的危险性增加13%，体重减少10%可导致血压降低13%”，由此可判断答案为C项“体重越重，患心脏病和高血压的风险越大”。

第3题：

Being fat doesn’t necessarily mean you're unhealthy,according to a new study.Researchers at York University in Toronto found that obesity 1 doesnt increase your risk for mortality 2 it's 3 another metabolic risk factor,such as high blood sugar or high levels of bad cholesterol This is 4 most of the literature,Jennifer Kuk,a（n）5 professor of kinesiology at York University,writes in a press 6.She says 7,most studies defined"healthy"obesity 8 having up to one metabolic risk factor--which is an issue,9 conditions like high blood sugar and bad cholesterol increase mortality risk for anyone,skinny or fat.This is likely 10 most studies have reported that healthy'obesity is still 11 higher mortality risk,she says.The study looked at data of 54,089 men and women from five large studies,and 12 them into two groups:those who were obese and had no metabolic risk factors,and those who were obese and had metabolic 13 such as elevated glucose,blood pressure or lipids Researchers then looked at how many people in each group died,and 14 their numbers to the death rate for 15-weight folks who had no metabolic risk factors We found that a person of normal weight 16 no other metabolic nsk factors is Just as likely to die as the person with obesity and no other risk factors,"Kuk says.according to their 17 individuals with metabolically healthy obesity are actually not at an elevated mortality 18 This means that hundreds of thousands of people in North America with metabolically healthy obe sity will be told to lose weight when it's 19 how much benefit they'll actually 20 she concludes
4选？

A.in the case of
B.in contact wit
C.in contrast with
D.in cooperation with

答案：C
解析：
词组辨析题。空格所在句子指出,这与大多数文献形成了鲜明的。[A]in the case of“在……的情况下”,[B]in contact with“与……联络”,[C]in contrast with“与……对比”,[D]in cooperation with“与……合作”,结合上下文,后文中提到“大多数研究”,由此推断是与先前的研究进行对比,只有[C]in contrast with符合句意,故为正确答案。

第4题：

共用题干
Obesity（肥胖）Causes Global Warming
The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing:Last week,obese people were accused of causing global warming.
This.____(51)comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University,of Illinois,Us,and a doctoral student, Laura McLay.Their study_______(52)how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around.The answer,they say,is a billion gallons of gas per year.It_______(53)an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.
There have been______(54)for taxes on junk food in recent years.US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food__.____(55)to people's cars."We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost,"Schmidt said."Similarly，leading a lazy lifestyle will end______(56)costing taxpayers more."
US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments? But such__________(57)are getting attention.
At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting,one person__________(58)obesity、with car accident deaths,and another correlated obesity with suicides.No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship,"The funny thing was that everyone took it.______(59),"Oliver said.
In a 1960s study,children were_________(60)drawings of children with disabilities and without them,and a drawing of an obese child.They were asked______(61)they would want for a friend?The obese Child was picked last.
Three researchers recently repeated the study_______(62)college students.Once again,__.___(63) no one,not even obese people,liked the obese person.
But,researchers say,getting__________(64)is not like quitting smoking.People struggle to stop smoking,and,in the end,many succeed.Obesity is different。Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.Genes also________（65)a part?

_________58
A:mixed
B:correlated
C:contacted
D:involved

答案：B
解析：
study（对某-课题或问题的）研究；Pr可cot项目；experiment实验；conclusion结论。根据第二段第二句话中“Their study...”可知，第-段是该项研究得出的结论。D项符合语境。
doubt怀疑；report报告；calculate计算，核算；review回顾，检讨。这句话说，他们的研究计算了肥胖的美国人乘车所耗费的多余的汽油。C项符合语境。
turn转变；mean意味着；say表明，认定；cost花费。联系上下文，每年肥胖的美国人乘车需要多消耗10亿加仑气体，这意味着1100多万吨的二氧化碳。B项符合语境。
call号召；cry哭喊，口号；sound声音；noise噪音。这句话说，近几年，一直有人号召对垃圾食品进行征税。A项符合语境。
deliver运送；pay付钱；spend花费；collect：收集。这句话说，美国经济学家Martin Schmidt建议对送到车上的快餐征税。A项符合语境。
end up doing sth．为固定搭配，意思是“结果为......（尤指意料之外）”。这句话说，过-种懒散的生活会导致纳税人付更多的钱。A项符合语境。
answer答案;talk讨论claim声明，主张;laugh嘲笑。这句话说，这样的主张正在引起人们的关注。C项符合语境。
correlate（使）相互关联；mix(使）混合；contact接触；involve涉及。这句话说，有人把肥胖和由交通事故引起的死亡联系起来，也有人把肥胖和自杀联系起来。后半句中用的是"correlate… with...”，与前半句是并列关系，B项符合语境。
seriously认真地，严肃地；well很好地；hard艰难地；greatly非常，很。这句话说，有趣的是人们竟然把这种观点当真了。A项符合语境。
bring带来;capture记录下；show展示；make制作。这句话说，在20世纪60年代的一项研究中，孩子们按要求从展示的残疾孩子、健康孩子和肥胖的孩子的照片中，选出他们愿意和谁交朋友。C项符合语境。
考查which的用法。从几个中选出一个，用which。这句话说，孩子们被问到愿意和哪个孩子做朋友。D项符合语境。what什么；where哪里；why为什么。
see看；help帮助；use用；survey研究。这句话说，最近，这些研究者以大学生为研究对象重复了他们的实验。C项符合语境。
这句话说，再一次，几乎没有一个人，即使是肥胖的人自己也不喜欢和肥胖的人交朋友。almost意思是“几乎”，因此C项符合语境。
根据下文意思，这句话说，研究表明，减肥和戒烟有很多不同之处。C项符合语境。
play a part为固定搭配，意思是“在某事中起作用”。联系上下文，科学表明，肥胖的人几乎是无法控制自己的体重的，因为基因也发挥着-定的作用。B项符合语境。

第5题：

共用题干
Obesity Causes Global Warming

The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing. Last week,obese people were accused of causing
global warming.
This conclusion comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University of Illinois,US,and a doctoral student,
Laura McLay.Their study calculates how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around.The
answer,they say,is a billion gallons of gas per year._________(46)
There has been calls for taxes on junk food in recent years.________(47)"We tax cigarettes partly
because of their health cost,"Schmidt said."Similarly,leading a lazy lifestyle will end up costing taxpayers
more。"
US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments.
But such claims are getting attention.
At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting,one person correlated obesity with car accident deaths,and
another correlated obesity with suicides.________(48)"The funny thing was that everyone took it seriously,"
Oliver said.
In a 1960s study,children were shown drawings of children with disabilities and without them,and a
drawing of an obese child.They were asked which they would want for a friend?________(49)
Three researchers recently repeated the study using college students.Once again,almost no one,not
even obese people,liked the obese person."Obesity was stigmatized,"the researchers said.
But,researchers say,getting thin is not like quitting smoking.People struggle to stop smoking,and,in
the end,many succeed.Obesity is different.But,not because obese people don't care.________(50)
Genes also play a part.

_________(50)
A:A meager diet may keep you thin.
B:It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.
C:The obese child was picked last.
D:US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's car.
E:Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.
F:No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.

答案：E
解析：
第三段讲到Sheldon Jacobson和Laura McLay在一项研究中计算了美国肥胖人士一年的交通需要多消耗10亿加仑的汽油。从所给的这些句子来看，只有B项是与此连贯的二B项说的是：这意味着多出一千一百万吨二氧化碳。
第三段的主题句是第一句，意思是：在最近这些年里，不断有人提出要对垃圾食品征税。只有D项是与此连贯的。D项说的是：美国经济学家Martin Schmidt建议对送到车上的快餐征税。另外，从主题的发展来看，也只有这个句子最合适。
第五段开头说到，在美国肥胖协会的年会上，有人把车祸造成的死亡跟肥胖联系了起来，也有人把自杀跟肥胖联系了起来。只有F项是与此连贯的。F项说的是：没有人问一问它们之间是否真正存在因果关系。
第六段主要是讲一个实验，先让几童看一组画，画里有正常和残疾的儿童，还有一个小胖子，然后问他们愿意和谁做朋友。只有C项是与此连贯的。C项说的是：最后被挑到的是小胖子。
最后一段中“People struggle to stop smoking, and, in the end, many succeed. Obesity isdifferent. But, not because obese people don' t care.”讲的是减肥跟戒烟不一样，减肥在一定程度上受到基因的控制。只有E项是与此连贯的。E项说的是：科学已经表明，胖子自己几乎是无法控制体重的。

第6题：

Questions 88-90 refer to the following advertisement.
Obese people are less productive in the workplace and more prone to injury, a study claims. The researchers say their findings were so extreme that overweight people may need to take longer breaks to recover from the strains of work. They assessed how long it took for people of various sizes to perform certain tasks in the workplace. Obese people had, on average, 40 per cent shorter endurance times.
The study, conducted at Virginia Tech and the University at Buffalo in the U.S., examined the endurance of 32 people in four categories: non-obese young, obese young, non-obese older, and obese older. Each of them completed three tasks that involved a range of skills: hand grip, shoulder elevation, and a simulated assembly operation. Every task involved periods of work and rest, and included a level of activity similar to manufacturing settings.
The number of people who are obese has doubled over the past three decades-and has been linked to higher rates of workplace injury and a greater number of days of sick. ‘Workers who are obese may need longer rest breaks to return to their initial state of muscle function,’ said Dr Cavuoto. Based on the increased fatigue found
among workers who are obese, workplace designers may need to consider adding fixtures and supports to minimize the amount of time that body mass segments need to be supported. ‘We believe our results will help to develop more inclusive ergonomic guideline,’ she added. The researchers also looked at the effect of obesity and age on endurance times.
Previous research has indicated that both age and obesity hamper mobility-particularly when it comes to walking and low-energy tasks. But the researchers in this study, published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, found no such link.

Which of the following statements is true according to the article?



A. The subjects of the study are of all ages
B. The number of obese people has been on the increase
C. The tasks involved takes place in real work situation
D. The study has lasted over three decades

答案：B
解析：
细节题。文章第二段第一句即提到“The number of people who are obese has doubled over the past three decades”（过去的30 年中肥胖人群的数量翻了一倍），也就是说肥胖人群的数量一直在增加。故选B。

第7题：

Thinner isn’t always better.A number of studies have 1_that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually_2_.For example,heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.3 among the elderly,being somewhat overweight is often an_4 of good health.Of even greater 5 is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.It is often defined 6_body mass index,or BMI.BMI 7 body mass divided by the square of height.An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight.Between 25 and 30 is overweight.And over 30 is considered obese.Obesity,8,can be divided into moderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9,they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11.For example,many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese,though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a（an）_14_to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered.Stereotypes_16_with obesity include laziness,lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese._17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight,and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity,_18_in health concerns,have stimulated a number of anti-obesity_19_.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign_20_childhood obesity,even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.12选？

A.start
B.quality
C.retire
D.stay

答案：B
解析：
词义辨析【直击答案】本句顺应前文意义：有一些人体型很好，有些人体型肥胖。接着举例说有些专业足球运动员是肥胖的，然而他们的身体脂肪量却很低。B项qualify“被认为”符合句意，正确。【命题思路】本题考查对上下文句意的正确把握。【干扰排除】将A、C、D项代入文中，“开始”、“退休”和“停留”不符合句意。

第8题：

Questions 88-90 refer to the following advertisement.
Obese people are less productive in the workplace and more prone to injury, a study claims. The researchers say their findings were so extreme that overweight people may need to take longer breaks to recover from the strains of work. They assessed how long it took for people of various sizes to perform certain tasks in the workplace. Obese people had, on average, 40 per cent shorter endurance times.
The study, conducted at Virginia Tech and the University at Buffalo in the U.S., examined the endurance of 32 people in four categories: non-obese young, obese young, non-obese older, and obese older. Each of them completed three tasks that involved a range of skills: hand grip, shoulder elevation, and a simulated assembly operation. Every task involved periods of work and rest, and included a level of activity similar to manufacturing settings.
The number of people who are obese has doubled over the past three decades-and has been linked to higher rates of workplace injury and a greater number of days of sick. ‘Workers who are obese may need longer rest breaks to return to their initial state of muscle function,’ said Dr Cavuoto. Based on the increased fatigue found
among workers who are obese, workplace designers may need to consider adding fixtures and supports to minimize the amount of time that body mass segments need to be supported. ‘We believe our results will help to develop more inclusive ergonomic guideline,’ she added. The researchers also looked at the effect of obesity and age on endurance times.
Previous research has indicated that both age and obesity hamper mobility-particularly when it comes to walking and low-energy tasks. But the researchers in this study, published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, found no such link.

What is the finding supported by the previous study but not the present study?

A. Obese people are less productive in work
B. Obese people find it hard to recover from strain
C. Obese people are more likely to get injured
D. Obese people suffer from poor mobility

答案：D
解析：
细节题。定位到最后一段第一句提到“Previous research has indicated that both age and obesity hamper mobility”（之前的研究表明年龄和肥胖都会妨碍到一个人的移动性），即肥胖会带来行动的不变，所以D 想符合这一意义，poor 照应了原文中的hamper 一词。

第9题：

共用题干
Obesity（肥胖）Causes Global Warming
The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing:Last week,obese people were accused of causing global warming.
This.____(51)comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University,of Illinois,Us,and a doctoral student, Laura McLay.Their study_______(52)how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around.The answer,they say,is a billion gallons of gas per year.It_______(53)an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.
There have been______(54)for taxes on junk food in recent years.US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food__.____(55)to people's cars."We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost,"Schmidt said."Similarly，leading a lazy lifestyle will end______(56)costing taxpayers more."
US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments? But such__________(57)are getting attention.
At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting,one person__________(58)obesity、with car accident deaths,and another correlated obesity with suicides.No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship,"The funny thing was that everyone took it.______(59),"Oliver said.
In a 1960s study,children were_________(60)drawings of children with disabilities and without them,and a drawing of an obese child.They were asked______(61)they would want for a friend?The obese Child was picked last.
Three researchers recently repeated the study_______(62)college students.Once again,__.___(63) no one,not even obese people,liked the obese person.
But,researchers say,getting__________(64)is not like quitting smoking.People struggle to stop smoking,and,in the end,many succeed.Obesity is different。Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.Genes also________（65)a part?

_________51
A:study
B:project
C:experiment
D:conclusion

答案：D
解析：
study（对某-课题或问题的）研究；Pr可cot项目；experiment实验；conclusion结论。根据第二段第二句话中“Their study...”可知，第-段是该项研究得出的结论。D项符合语境。
doubt怀疑；report报告；calculate计算，核算；review回顾，检讨。这句话说，他们的研究计算了肥胖的美国人乘车所耗费的多余的汽油。C项符合语境。
turn转变；mean意味着；say表明，认定；cost花费。联系上下文，每年肥胖的美国人乘车需要多消耗10亿加仑气体，这意味着1100多万吨的二氧化碳。B项符合语境。
call号召；cry哭喊，口号；sound声音；noise噪音。这句话说，近几年，一直有人号召对垃圾食品进行征税。A项符合语境。
deliver运送；pay付钱；spend花费；collect：收集。这句话说，美国经济学家Martin Schmidt建议对送到车上的快餐征税。A项符合语境。
end up doing sth．为固定搭配，意思是“结果为......（尤指意料之外）”。这句话说，过-种懒散的生活会导致纳税人付更多的钱。A项符合语境。
answer答案;talk讨论claim声明，主张;laugh嘲笑。这句话说，这样的主张正在引起人们的关注。C项符合语境。
correlate（使）相互关联；mix(使）混合；contact接触；involve涉及。这句话说，有人把肥胖和由交通事故引起的死亡联系起来，也有人把肥胖和自杀联系起来。后半句中用的是"correlate… with...”，与前半句是并列关系，B项符合语境。
seriously认真地，严肃地；well很好地；hard艰难地；greatly非常，很。这句话说，有趣的是人们竟然把这种观点当真了。A项符合语境。
bring带来;capture记录下；show展示；make制作。这句话说，在20世纪60年代的一项研究中，孩子们按要求从展示的残疾孩子、健康孩子和肥胖的孩子的照片中，选出他们愿意和谁交朋友。C项符合语境。
考查which的用法。从几个中选出一个，用which。这句话说，孩子们被问到愿意和哪个孩子做朋友。D项符合语境。what什么；where哪里；why为什么。
see看；help帮助；use用；survey研究。这句话说，最近，这些研究者以大学生为研究对象重复了他们的实验。C项符合语境。
这句话说，再一次，几乎没有一个人，即使是肥胖的人自己也不喜欢和肥胖的人交朋友。almost意思是“几乎”，因此C项符合语境。
根据下文意思，这句话说，研究表明，减肥和戒烟有很多不同之处。C项符合语境。
play a part为固定搭配，意思是“在某事中起作用”。联系上下文，科学表明，肥胖的人几乎是无法控制自己的体重的，因为基因也发挥着-定的作用。B项符合语境。

第10题：

共用题干
Obesity（肥胖）in the Western World
Obesity is rapidly becoming a new problem of the western world,delegates agreed at the 1 1 th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday.According to statements before the opening of the conference-of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries-1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese.
Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said:"Obesity is a chronic illness.In Germany, 20 per cent of the people are already affected,but in Japan only one per cent."But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.
Professor Friedrich Hopichier of Salzberg said:"We are living in the new age(but)with the metabolism （新陈代谢）of a stone-age man."" I have just been to the United States.It is really terrible.A pizza shop is spnnglng up on every corner.We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization."
Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer.Hopichier said:"Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose （脂肪的）tissue complaints." " Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure."
Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs."Though the health insurance pays for surgery(such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the bodymass index is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 1 1 6 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters.One should start earlier."
Ludvik said that prevention shoald begin in school."Child obesity(fat deposits)correlates（与……相关）with the time which children spend in front of TV sets."
The consequences were only apparent later on.No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.

Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?
A:Diabetes.
B:High blood pressure.
C:Stomachache.
D:Adipose tissue complaints.

答案：A
解析：
由第二段内容可知，日本仅有1%的人患有肥胖症，但并未提到日本的民众不用担心肥胖症，故A项错误。同样，德国有20%的人患有肥胖症，而不是说全球，故C项错误。又由该段最后一句可知，新的科学发现以及新的药物给肥胖症患者带来了希望，而并未说肥胖症就应该用新的药物治疗，故D项错误。文章第二段中提到，肥胖症是一种慢性病。故B项正确：
由文章第四段第二句可知，Hopichier教授说80%的糖尿病患者都患有肥胖症，但并未说糖尿病主要是由肥胖症引起的，故可排除A项。又根据此句后半句可知，有50%的糖尿病患者血压高，而不是说50%的高血压患者抱怨肥胖，故又可排除B项。同时，文中只是说美国的披萨店到处可见，并未说其提供的快餐不可口，故又可排除C项。又由文章第四段第三句可知，该教授认为：体重每增加10%，心脏病发生的几率将会增加13%。故本题选D。
由文章第五段第一句可知，该名专家认为，公共医疗卫生服务应该提高对预防机制的投资，故选B。
由文章第四段第二句话可知，80%的糖尿病人是肥胖者，故选A。
consequence是含义为“后果，结果”。文章后半部分都在讲各方面专家所给出的减肥建议，倒数第二段更是提出防止肥胖要从孩子抓起。"Ludviksaidthatpreventionshouldbegininschool.""Childobesity(fatdeposits)correlates（与……相关）withthetimewhichchildrenspendinfrontofTVsets.”但减肥的效果如何，人们只能拭目以待。所以根据逻辑关系，应该选A。

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