动植物残体 plant and animal residues

题目
名词解释题
动植物残体 plant and animal residues
参考答案和解析
正确答案: 未分解的死亡动、植物组织及其部分分解产物。
解析: 暂无解析
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相似问题和答案

第1题:

The ( ) were carefully inspected before we issue the Phytosanitary Certificate.
A. animal products B. plant products
C. machines D. electronic toys


答案:B
解析:

第2题:

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said.
The author's attitude towards refined grains is_____.

A.supportive
B.indifferent
C.negative
D.critical

答案:C
解析:
态度方向题。第六段第一句提到,“而不太健康的植物性饮食方式——包括精制谷物、土豆和含糖饮料在内的各种食物——反而可能把这个风险升高I6%”,可知精制谷物对健康有害,故作者对精制谷物的态度是否定的,故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】作者提到精制谷物不是健康的,所以A项错误;作者态度是否定的,所以B项错误;D项作者并没有批判,只是表明了否定的态度,所以D项错误。

第3题:

土壤有机质是土壤中所有有机物质的总称,包括( )。

A.动物、植物

B.动物、植物残体

C.农作物根茬、施入的有机肥料

D.动植物残体、微生物体,上述二类物质的中间分解物以及微生物生命活动的代谢产物


正确答案:D

第4题:

污泥是污水处理过程中产生的沉淀物质,它包括污水中的()。

  • A、泥砂
  • B、水分
  • C、石头
  • D、纤维
  • E、动植物残体

正确答案:A,D,E

第5题:

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said
The study by Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health reveals that_____

A.people having type 2 diabetes should not eat grains but vegetables
B.type 2 diabetes is difficult to be prevented and cured
C.vegetarians will not get chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes
D.taking more vegetables will reduce the risk oftype 2 diabetes

答案:D
解析:
推理判断题。第一段提到“食用优质植物性食物……能够大幅降低2型糖尿病的发病风险”,故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】文中没有提到2型糖尿病人不能吃谷物,A项错误;B项不是研究结论;文章中并没有说素食者不会患糖尿病,故C项错误。

第6题:

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said.
From the new study,we can infer that_____

A.sweet fruit juice and beverages are beneficial to our health
B.animal foods should not be included in our diet for the sake of health
C.fried potatoes are healthy food comparing with animal foods
D.eating less meat is helpful to reduce the diabetes incidence

答案:D
解析:
推理判断题。第五段提到“高植物性、低动物性的饮食结构能把患2型糖尿病的风险降低20%”,故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】第三段中提到,“像甜味食品和饮料,这些可能是有害健康的”,故A项错误;B项过于绝对,且与文意不相符,应排除;C项中的“炸土豆”也不是健康食品。

第7题:

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said.
About type 2 diabetes,which of the following statement is true?

A.Eating vegetables,fruits and refined grains could decrease its risk.
B.The dietary pattern including vegetables,legumes etc.is beneficiaL
C.Diets having less animal foods could decrease its risks t0 30 percent
D.Plant-based diet could make its risk decrease t0 34 percent.

答案:B
解析:
事实细节题。根据文章最后一段“向多吃健康的植物性膳食结构,如蔬菜、水果、全谷类、豆类、坚果和种子……转变”,可知B项为正确选项。【干扰排除】根据文章第六段“而不太健康植物性饮食方式——包括精制谷物、土豆和含糖饮料在内的各种食物——反而可能把这个风险升高16%”可知,精制谷类不能降低糖尿病风险,故A项错误;根据第五段“高植物性、低动物性的饮食结构能把患2型糖尿病的风险降低20%”可知,C项错误;根据第六段“健康的植物性饮食可能使患糖尿病的风险降低34%”可知,是降低34%,并非降低至34%,故D项错误。

第8题:

You would laugh if anyone ____ ask you whether you can tell an animal from a plant.

A: will

B: shall

C: should

D: would


参考答案:C

第9题:

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said.
The best title for the text should be_____

A.Plant-Based Diet May Lower Risk ofType 2 Diabetes
B.Better Not to Eat Too Many Animal Foods
C.We Should Eat Vegetable Foods to Prevent Chronic Diseases
D.Plant-Based Diet with High Fiber and Low Fat Is Beneficial

答案:A
解析:
主旨大意题。全文主要讨论的是素食能降低患2型糖尿病的风险,所以A项是最佳标题。【干扰排除】B项“最好不要吃太多的动物性食物”不是文章主要的研究内容;C项中的“预防慢性疾病”不是文章研究的内容,文中主要讨论的是对2型糖尿病的预防;D项描述得太笼统,没有指出降低糖尿病的风险。

第10题:

动植物残体腐烂以后形成了土壤中的()。


正确答案:腐殖质

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