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单选题According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A Transporting goods and people is the most important technology in the history of mankind.B Technology in transporting goods and people has changed human conditions more than anything

题目
单选题
According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A

Transporting goods and people is the most important technology in the history of mankind.

B

Technology in transporting goods and people has changed human conditions more than anything else.

C

Technology in spreading information has changed human conditions more than transportation technology.

D

Technology in spreading information can’t change the economic development of society.

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Some companies in the United States moved to Sweden, Germany and Belgium.

B. Fresh air, spacious room and being away from others attract people to move to the suburbs.

C. People wouldn't pay tax when they moved out of cities.

D. The neighborhood should be maintained by old and poor people.


正确答案：B

34．答案为B。根据第一段第一句，urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air，elbow room and privacy作出该项选择。

第2题：

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways． The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society． There are more ideas,more disagreements in interest,and more groups and organizations with different beliefs． In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies． All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision． In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seetns to be the same． And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed．
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic mad less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites ; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements．
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual． For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference． This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts．
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society．

A. Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society．
B. Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change．
C. Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society．
D. Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young．

答案：B
解析：
根据第二段“social changes is also likely to occur more frequentry and more readily in the material aspects…in what has been leamed later in life rather than what was learned early．in the less basic and less emotional aspectsof societythanintheir opposites”可知A、C、D项都正确．而由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状不满可以加速社会变革．因此B项错误。

第3题：

Which the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The United Nations says about 50 million acres of rain forests are cut down every year.

B. Luckily people and the mass media all paid special attention to the depletion of rain forests.

C. The author thought the oceans' survival is questionable.

D. People have stopped cutting down rain forests because of the opposition of most people.


正确答案：B

此题为三误一正的细节题。见第二段的第一句Unlike some environmental issues，rain forests’depletion has fortunately received significant public and media attention。

第4题：

单选题
According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A

Marley Dias is a black girl.

B

Marley Dias doesn't like reading.

C

Marley Dias wants to become an editor in the future.

D

Movies seldom represent black people in positive ways.


正确答案： B
解析：

第5题：

（ ）has changed the way people buy,sell,hire,and,organize business activities in more ways and more rapidly than any other technology in the history of business.

A.EDI
B.Web page
C.The Internet
D.lectronic Funds Transfers

答案：D
解析：

第6题：

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to protnote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A.Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B.Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.
C.Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D.Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.

答案：B
解析：
根据第二段“social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects…in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early…in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites”可知A、C、D项都正确，而由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状不满可以加速社会变革，因此B项错误。

第7题：

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?__________ 查

A.Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society
B.Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change
C.Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society
D.Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young

答案：B
解析：
根据第二段“social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and mole readily in thematerial aspects…in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early…in the less basic andless emotional aspects of society than in their opposites”可知A、C、D项都正确，而由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状不满可以加速社会变革．因此B项错误。

第8题：

The Smokey Bear(护林熊) fire prevention program has resulted in a savings of $20 billion on all federal(联邦的), state and private forested land(私有林地). In 1941, 208,000 forest fires burned 30 million acres, while in 1981, fewer than 165,000 fires burned about three million acres. While forest usage has increased, the proportion(比例) of human-caused fires has remained stable; people still cause nine out of ten forest fires. But the biggest cause of fires is arson(纵火), accounting for(引起) 34 percent of forest fires in 1981.

1. According to the passage, use of forested land has ____.

A、stabilized

B、been privatized

C、decreased

D、risen

2. According to the passage, in 1941 forest fires burned ____.

A、less acres than in 1981

B、3 million acres

C、ten times as many acres as in 1981

D、20 million acres more than in 1981

3. According to the passage, the number of human-caused fires ____.

A、has remained the same proportionately

B、has increased

C、is the same as the arson cases

D、accounts for 34 per cent of forest fires

4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A、Nine out of ten fires are caused by arsonists.

B、The Smokey Bear program has saved the nation a lot of money.

C、There are more forest fires now than before.

D、People do not use the forests as much as they did in the past.

5. It may be inferred from the passage that ____.

A、the majority of fires are caused by humans

B、arson is increasing every year

C、more acres are destroyed by fire each year

D、fewer people are using the forests


参考答案：1-5：DCABA


第9题：


Which of the following statements is true according to Tocqueville？( )

A.As social conditions and opportunities improve，social satisfaction grows more quickly.
B.Social mechanisms have seemingly conflicting nature.
C.As social conditions improve，there will be fewer people enjoy the social privilege.
D.As social conditions improve，the people will have more concentrated power.

答案：B
解析：
细节题。根据最后一段第一句social frustration increases as social conditions improve可知，A项错误；根据最后一段最后一句He wrote that this growing hatred of social privilege，as social conditions improve，leads to the state concentrating more power to itself可知，享有特权的不是人民而是state本身，故D项错误；全文并未提及“享受特权的人数”问题，因此C项错误。故本题选B。参考译文：法国政治科学家、历史学家、哲学家和政治家阿历克西·德·托克维尔以一本四卷册的书《美国的民主》闻名于世。他于1831年来到美国，研究美国的民主形式及其对世界其他地方的意义。在仅仅九个月的访问之后，他完成了一本非凡的作品，至今被奉为经典。托克维尔有着非同寻常的观察力。他不仅描述了政府的民主制度及其运作方式，而且还描述了它对美国人的思考、感受和行为的影响。许多学者认为，托克维尔对美国传统信仰和价值观的理解比任何其他描写美国的人都要深刻。尤其引人注目的是，他在近200年前观察到的这些许多特征今天在美国人身上仍然可见且具有重大意义。他的观察也很重要，因为他访问的时间-19世纪30年代——是在美国工业化之前。这是小农、商人和西部边疆定居的时代，是一个新国家的传统价值观新建立的历史时期。在美国宪法通过大约40年后的短短一代人时间里，这种新的政府形式产生的社会中，人人都有独特的价值观。然而，他是一位中立的观察者，看到了这些品质的两面性。《美国的民主》的第一部分写于1831-1832年，出版于1835年。这本书对美国政府和社会进行了非常积极和乐观的描述，大受欢迎。他试图一瞥美国社会的本质，同时宣扬自己的哲学：阶级平等和不可避免的、根深蒂固的贵族特权。他用了四年时间才完成这本书的剩余部分，并于1840年出版第二部分。第二部分比第一部分更加悲观，他警告了专制和政府集权的危险，并将他的观点和批评直指法国。因此，除了在英国受到高度赞扬之外，它没有像第一部分那样受到欢迎。《美国的民主》着重分析为什么共和党代议制民主在美国取得了成功，但在许多其他地方却失败了。托克维尔指出，宗教在美国能发挥强大作用是因为它与政府分离，所有党派都认同这种分离。他将此与法国作对比，在法国，他认为民主党和宗教之间存在不健康的对立，这与教会和国家之间的联系有关。托克维尔还概述了人类可能过度追求平等，预示着20世纪会产生极权主义国家。托克维尔观察到社会机制存在矛盾，这在后来被称为“托克维尔效应”，即“随着社会条件的改善，社会挫折感也会增加”。他写道，随着社会条件的改善，这种对社会特权日益增长的仇恨导致国家将更多的权力集中到自己身上。

第10题：

单选题
Which of the following statements is true about Japan?
A

It has a very short life-expectancy on average.

B

It has the lowest infant mortality rate in the world.

C

Young people want to have more children.

D

The number of young people fit for work is decreasing.


正确答案： D
解析：
从录音中提到的“a diminishing workforce paying for a rising number of pensioners”，可知日本的劳动力变得越来越少。diminishing逐渐减少的；衰减的。pensioner领养老金者；领取抚恤金者。
【录音原文】
Japan has the highest life-expectancy in the world, one of the lowest birth rates and accepts few immigrants, leaving a diminishing workforce paying for a rising number of pensioners.

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