单选题According to the third paragraph, it can be seen that older Americans ______.A have more job opportunities than young peopleB live below the poverty lineC have new opportunities to remain active in societyD no longer believe in the promise of a happy l

共用题干
Prolonging Human Life
Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive
today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago.Because
more people live longer,there are more people around at any given time. In fact,it is a decrease in death rates,not an increase in birthrates,that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,some-body else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people;unless they have wealth or private or government insur-ance,they must often“go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died. Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need,a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built.These are of-ten profit-making organizations,although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply“dumping grounds”for the dying in which“care”is given by poorly paid,overworked,and under-skilled personnel.

According to the passage,which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true?
A: Many of them have a very hard life.
B: They cannot live a decent life without enough bank savings.
C: They rely mainly on their children for financial support.
D: Most of them live with their children and therefore are well looked after.

Americans today have different eating habits than in the past.They have a broader knowledge of（ ）,so they buy more fresh fruit and vegetables than ever before.Statistics show the way people live determines the way they eat.

A.food
B.diet
C.nutrition
D.hygiene

Text 4"I like money and nice things,but it's not money that makes me happy.It's people,"says one woman in a World Bank survey.She's not alone:research has found that social integration is more important for well-being than income,and also decreases poverty.Loneliness,conversely,can be deadly:one study found it did more damage to health than smoking.This week,policymakers from 40 countries met in Colombia to ponder ways to measure deprivation that take account of more than just income,including isolation.Several Latin American countries are devising or have already adopted such"multi-dimensional"measures of poverty.Income can be a misleading measure of need because poor people end up living in different degrees of hardship depending on their intangible resources.Having strong social bonds eases financial deprivation.Friends and relatives can lend money,pool risk,mind children and bring news ofjob openings.Researchers from the London School of Economics found that when a group of Bangladeshi women were given business training and free livestock,not only djd they move up the income ladder,but their friends'lot improved too.A year later the friends'consumption had risen by almost 20%,and they claimed to have become sawier about business as well.The downside is that not having the right friends can deepen hardship.The more concentrated the poverty,the less helpful social networks tend to be.In Atlanta,living in a poor neighbourhood decreases the chance of having a friend with a job by almost 60%,and of having a friend who had been to university by over a third.A global survey conducted in 2014 by a polling firm,found that 30%of people in the poorest flfth of their country's population had nobody to rely on in times of need,compared t0 16%of the richest fifih.It is doubly unfortunate,then,that poor people are often socially excluded precisely because they are poor.Chileans and Venezuelans see poverty as a bigger cause of discrimination than gender or ethnicity,according to researchers from Oxford University.Several countries have experienced with schemes that connect lonely old people and deprived youth.Germany,for instance,has built"multi-generational"community centres where older visitors get computer coaching from teenagers.With luck,these connections will help:one American study found that in poor neighbourhoods,three-quarters ofjobholders found work through friends.Perhaps Gennany's centres will furnish income as well as company.39.German"multi-generational"community aims to

A.reconnect old people and young men.
B.help poor people find jobs after training.
C.offer company to lonely old people.
D.provide job opportunities to poor people.

共用题干
Prolonging Human Life
Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive
today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago.Because
more people live longer,there are more people around at any given time. In fact,it is a decrease in death rates,not an increase in birthrates,that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,some-body else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people;unless they have wealth or private or government insur-ance,they must often“go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died. Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need,a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built.These are of-ten profit-making organizations,although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply“dumping grounds”for the dying in which“care”is given by poorly paid,overworked,and under-skilled personnel.

In Paragraph 3,the phrase“this need” refers to______.
A: the need to prolong the lives of old people
B: the need to enrich the life of the retired people
C: the need to build profit-making nursing homes
D: the need to take care of a sick and weak person

Text 1 Roberta Gordon never thought she'd still be alive at age 76.She definitely didn't think she'd still be working.But cvery Saturday,she goes down to the local grocery store and hands out samples,earning$50 a day,because she needs the money.More and more older people are finding themselves in a similar situation as Baby Boomers reach retirement age without enough savings and as housing costs and medical expenses rise.Many people reaching retirement age don't have the Densions that lots of workers in previous generations did,and often have not put enough money into their 401（k）s to live off of.Other workers did not have access to a retirement plan through their employer.That means that as people reach their mid-60s,they either have to dramatically curtail their spending or keep working to survive."This will be the first time that we have a lot of people who find themselves downwardly mobile as they grow older:'Diane Oakley,the executive director of the National Institute on Retirement Security,told me."They're going to go from being near poor to poor."The problem is growing as more Baby Boomers reach retirement age-between 8,000 t0 10,000 Americans turn 65 every day,according to Kevin Prindiville,the executive director ofjustice in Aging,a nonprofit that addresses senior poverty.Older Americans were the only demographic for whom poverty rates increased in a statistically significant way between 2015 and 2016,according to Census Bureau data.While poverty fell among people 18 and under and people 18 t0 64 between 2015 and 2016,it rose to 14.5 percent for people over 65,according to the Census Bureau's Supplemental Poverty Measure,which is considered a more accurate measure of poverty because it takes into account health-care costs and other big expenses."In the early decades of our work,we were serving communities that had been poor when they were younger:'Prindiville told me."Increasingly,we're seeing folks who are becoming poor for the first time in old age."This presents a worrying preview of what could befall millions of workers who will retire in the coming decades.If today's seniors are struggling with retirement savings,what will become of the people of working age today,many of whom hold unsteady jobs and have patchwork incomes that leave little room for retirement savings?The current wave of senior poverty could just be the beginning.And this could have larger implications for the economy.If today's middle-class households curtail their spending when they retire,the whole economy could suffer.
In the last paragraph,the author shows his about senior poverty problem.

A.incapability
B.worry
C.anxiery
D.agony