its low medical cost and better public health.
the immediate compensations form insurance companies.
its prompt application of advanced technological innovations.
the low charges made by medical personnel.
第1题:
Part B
Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I. ( 10 points)
41)____________Many of the options have already been rehearsed in the press: excluding some treatments from the NHS, charging for certain drugs and services, and developing voluntary or compulsory health insurance schemes.
42)____________We spend about 7 per cent of GDP on health, compared with 9 per cent in the Netherlands and 10 per cent in France and Germany. In terms of health outcomes versus spend, we compare pretty favourably.
I don' t see private health care providing much of the solution to current problems. 43)____________Neither is close to being implemented, but the future could see a deliberate shift of attention to voluntary health insurance and an emphasis on social insurance.
44)____________Even so, higher taxes will plainly be needed to fund health care. I think we'll eventually see larger NHS charges, more rationing of medical services and restrictions on certain procedures without proven outcomes. Stricter eligibility criteria for certain treatments are another possibility.
45)____________.None of them is going to win votes for the political party desperate enough to introduce them—but then nobody is going to vote for ill—health or an early death either.
[A] English National Health Service is a universal health keeping system. But Now, the shortage of money becomes a serious problem.
[B] All such options would mean a sharp break with tradition and political fall out that could be extremely damaging.
[C] The options provides solution to the shortage of money problem.
[D] I expect individuals to take greater responsibility for their personal health using technology that allows self diag-nosis followed by serf- treatment or home care.
[E] Looking at how far we' 11 be able to fund the Health Service in the 21st century raises any number of thorny is- sues.
[F] More likely is a shift from universal health coverage to top up schemes which give people basic health entitlements but require them to finance other treatment through private financing, or opt out schemes which use tax relief to encourage individuals to make private provision.
[G] Compared to its European Union counterparts Britain. operates a low cost health system.
41.____________
第2题:
第3题:
_______________
[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent!
[B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”
[C] What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.
[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.
[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.
[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.
[G] Of course the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.
第4题:
第5题:
第6题:
Wal-Mart has been criticized by some groups for its .( )
[A] low service quality
[B] employees' low salary
[C] high pressure on the other companies
[D] discrimination against women
第7题:
第8题:
There is growing public concern about the cost, quality and ________ of health care.
A accessibility
B predictability
C susceptibility
D possibility
第9题:
第10题: