“Museum”is a slippery word.It first meant(in Greek)anything consecrated to the Muses:a hill,a shrine,a garden,a festival or even a textbook.Both Plato’s Academy and Aristotle’s Lyceum had a mouseion,a muses shrine.Although the Greeks already collected det

题目

“Museum”is a slippery word.It first meant(in Greek)anything consecrated to the Muses:a hill,a shrine,a garden,a
festival or even a textbook.Both Plato’s Academy and Aristotle’s Lyceum had a mouseion,a muses shrine.Although the
Greeks already collected detached works of art,many temples—notably that of Hera at Olympia(before which the Olympic
flame is still lit)—had collections of objects,some of which were works of art by well-known masters,while paintings and sculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.
The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples,as well as mineral specimens,exotic plants,
animals;and they plundered sculptures and paintings(mostly Greek)for exhibition.Meanwhile,the Greek word had slippeD.into Latin by transliteration(though not to signify picture galleries,which were called pinacothecae)and museum still more or
less meant“Muses-shrine”.
The inspirational collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in larger churches and monasteries—which
focused on the gold-enshrined,bejewelled relics of saints and martyrs.Princes,and later merchants,had similar collections,
which became the deposits of natural curiosities:large lumps of amber or coral,irregular pearls,unicorn horns,ostrich eggs,
fossil bones and so on.They also included coins and gems—often antique engraved ones—as well as,increasingly,paintings and sculptures.As they multiplied and expanded,to supplement them,the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.
At the same time,visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches,palaces and castles;
they were not“collected”either,but“site-specific”,and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which went on inside them—and most of the buildings were public ones.However,during the revival of
antiquity in the fifteenth century,fragments of antique sculpture were given higher status than the work of any contemporary,
so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation,or even better,to emulation;and so could be considered Muses-shrines in the former sense.The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence,the Belvedere and the Capitol in Rome were
the most famous of such early“inspirational”collections.Soon they multiplied,and,gradually,exemplary“modern”works were also added to such galleries.
In the seventeenth century,scientific and prestige collecting became so widespread that three or four collectors independently published directories to museums all over the known world.But it was the age of revolutions and industry which produced the next sharp shift in the way the institution was perceived:the fury against royal and church monuments prompted antiquarians to shelter them in asylum-galleries,of which the Musee des Monuments Francais was the most famous.Then,in the first
half of the nineteenth century,museum funding took off,allied to the rise of new wealth:London acquired the National Gallery and the British Museum,the Louvre was organized,the Museum-Insel was begun in Berlin,and the Munich galleries were
built.In Vienna,the huge Kunsthistorisches and Naturhistorisches Museums took over much of the imperial treasure.
Meanwhile,the decline of craftsmanship(and of public taste with it)inspired the creation of“improving”collections.The
Victoria and Albert Museum in London was the most famous,as well as perhaps the largest of them.

The sentence “Museum is a slippery word” in the first paragraph means that

A.the meaning of the word didn’t change until after the 15th century.
B.the meaning of the word had changed over the years.
C.the Greeks held different concepts from the Romans.
D.princes and merchants added paintings to their collections.

参考答案和解析

答案：B

解析：

本题考查语义理解。

根据下文可知，全文主旨在于介绍museum一词在历史过程中的变化，本句的意思为“museum一词的意义随着岁月的流逝发生了改变”，综上，B选项正确。

故正确答案为B项。

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

Which is TRUE according to the passage？

A.The Muses invented music.

B.Music can bring people some feelings.

C.Music was from a Greek village.

D.Everyone is interested in pop music.

正确答案：B

第2题：

Anything else? ()

A. We provide education relating to depression and anxiety.

B.First, we provide education relating to depression and anxiety.

C. Moreover, we provide education relating to depression and anxiety.

参考答案：C

第3题：

The road was so slippery when the snow was frozen into ice that I nearly _________ down the mountain slope.

A.tumbled

B.slid

C.walked

D.stumbled

参考答案：B;

第4题：

Although stage plays have been set to music since the era(年代) of the ancient Greeks when the dramas of Sophocles and Aeschylus were accompanied by lyres(里拉琴) and flutes, the usually accepted date for the beginning of opera as we know it is 1600. As part of the celebration of the marriage of King Henry IV of France to the Italian aristocrat(贵族) Maria de Medici, the Florentine composer Jacopo Peri produced his famous Euridice, generally considered to be the first opera. Following his example, a group of Italian musicians called the Camerata began to revive(复兴) the style. of musical story that had been used in Greek tragedy.

1. This passage is a summary of ____.

A、opera in Italy

B、the Camerata

C、the development of opera

D、 Euridice.

2. According to the author, Jacopo Peri wrote ____.

A、Greek tragedy

B、the first opera

C、the opera Maria de Medici

D、the opera The Camerata

3. We can infer that the Camerata ____.

A、was a group of Greek musicians

B、developed a new musical drama based upon Greek drama

C、was not known in Italy

D、was the name given to the court of King Henry IV

4. The author suggests that Euridice was produced ____.

A、in France

B、originally by Sophocles and Aeschylus

C、without much success

D、for the wedding of King Henry IV

5. According to this passage, modern opera began in the ____.

A、time of the ancient Greeks

B、fifteenth century

C、sixteenth century

D、seventeenth century

参考答案：1-5：CBBDD

第5题：

The ancient Olympic Games were part of a religious festival in honour of the Greek god Zeus, the father of all Greek gods and goddesses.The festival and games were held in Olympia, a religious sanctuary.The athletes came to Olympia from all parts of the Greek world, from as far as Spain in the west and Turkey in the east.The ancient Olympic Games began in the yea 776 BC when Koroibos, a cook from the city of Elis, won a 200-metre-long race.They took place for a period of 617 years until the last games were held in AD 393

In the ancient games, athletes received prizes worth large amounts of money.In fact the word athlete is an ancient Greek word, meaning one who competes for a prize.Although women did not compete in the games, there was a separate festival held at the same time in honour of Hera, wife of Zeus At this festival unmarried girls competed in foot races.

The marathon was not an event of the ancient Olympic Games.The marathon is a modern event that was first introduced in the Olympic Games in 1896.It was named after a village called Marathon where the Persians were defeated by a small Greek army The news of the victory was brought to Athens by soldier, who ran the 26 miles from the village of Marathon to the capital 26 miles was therefore adopted as the distance of the modern marathon race

The Olympic flag was introduced in 1908 and carries the symbol of five linked rings.Which represent the five continents-Africa, America, Asia, Australasia and Europe.The Olympic flame was first carried in the 1932 Olympic Games in Los Angeles.There was no torch relay in the ancient Olympic Games.The first torch relay in the modern OlympIc Games was staged in Berlin in 1936.(判断正误)

26.The ancient Greeks held the first Olympic Games in 617 BC.()

27.The ancient Greeks held the Olympic Games for 393 years.()

28.They did not allow women to compete in the an cient Olympic Games.()

29.They first used the Olympic flag in 1908.()

30.The torch relay was first used in the ancient Olympics.()

参考答案：FFTTF

第6题：

China Red Sandalwood Museum is ( ) museum in China.

A. first private

B. largest private

C. first public

D. largest public

正确答案：AB

第7题：

Speedway racing is a type of motorcycle racing that is done on a track with a special motorcycle.It was introduced to Britain in 1 928.The first races were held at High Beech in Epping Forest.Now races are held in special stadiums, but then a track was made in the forest behind a pub called the Royal Oak.The track was not concrete or tarmac, but was made from cinders.The first races were organized by Jack Hill-Bailey He had visited Australia and seen speedway racing there.When he returned to Britain, he decided to introduce the sport to Britain and started organizing the first races with his friends in the IFord Motorcycle Club.They expected 3, 000 people to come and watch the races, but over 30, 000 people arrived to see the first races!(判断正误)

1.You need a special motorcycle for a speedway race.()

2.Speedway races are held on the road.()

3.Speedway races were held in Austral ia before they were held in Britain.()

4.Jack Hill--Bailey organized the first races by himself.()

参考答案：TFTF

第8题：

The ancient Olympic Games (1) () part of a religious festival in honor (2) () the Greek god Zeus, the father of all Greek gods and goddesses. The festival and games (3) () in Olympia, a religious Sanctuary. In the ancient games, athletes received prizes worth large amounts of money. In fact the word "athlete" is an ancient Greek word, (4) () "one who competes (5) () a prize". The marathon was not an event of the ancient Olympic Games. The marathon is a modern event that was first (6) () in the Olympic Games in 1896. It was (7) () a village called Marathon (8)() the Persians (9) () by a small Greek army. The news of the victory was brought to Athens by a soldier, who ran the 26 miles from the village of Marathon to the capital. 26 miles was (10) () adopted as the distance of the modern marathon race.

(1).A、is

B、were

C、was

(2).A、for

B、after

C、of

(3).A、are hold

B、held

C、were held

(4).A、meaning

B、mean

C、meant

(5).A、of

B、for

C、in

(6).A、introduced

B、introducing

C、introduce

(7).A、name for

B、named after

C、named of

(8).A、that

B、which

C、where

(9).A、were defeated

B、defeats

C、defeated

(10).A、because

B、furthermore

C、therefore

参考答案：BCCAB ABCAC

第9题：

The road became so slippery after the rain that several cars ______ sideways into the ditch.()

A. slid

B. detached

C. overcame

D. trembled

参考答案：A

第10题：

the grammar－translation method was at one time called ______ since it was first used in the teaching of the classical languages of latin and greek.

A、classical Method

B、minimum method

C、audiolingual Method

D、aural-oral method

参考答案：A

“Museum”is a slippery word.It first meant(in Greek)anything consecrated to the Muses:a hill,a shrine,a garden,a

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