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A tsunami is caused by a(n) ______.A.tidal waveB.storm surge caused by a hurricane or tropical stormC.earthquake on the ocean's floorD.tornado

题目

A tsunami is caused by a(n) ______.

A.tidal wave

B.storm surge caused by a hurricane or tropical storm

C.earthquake on the ocean's floor

D.tornado

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

Above-normal tides near the center of a hurricane maybe caused by the ______.

A.high barometric pressure

B.jet stream

C.storm surge

D.torrential rains


正确答案：C

第2题：

Which statement about the Flinders bar of the magnetic compass is CORRECT ________．

A.It compensates for the error caused by the vertical component of the Earth's magnetic field

B.It compensates for error caused by the heeling of a vessel

C.It compensates for quadrantal deviation

D.It is only needed in equatorial waters


正确答案：A

第3题：

-The drunk driver wishes he( )so many injuries in the accident.

-But he( )．

A. hadn't caused; had B.didn't cause; did

C. hasn't caused; did

D.hasn't caused; has


正确答案：C
C[解析]第一句话的意思是：这个醉酒的司机希望他造成的交通事故没有让那么多人受伤．讲的是过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，所以第一个空填动词的现在完成时．第二句话的意思是：但是他确实让很多人受伤了．司机制造交通事故时候发生的事情，是过去某个时间发生的动作，所以第二个空填动词的一般过去时．

第4题：

共用题干
Hurricane
1 A hurricane（飓风）is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral（螺旋）around a relative calm center know as the“eye”.The“eye” is generally 20 to 30 miles wide,and the storm may ex- tend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land,it can bring heavy rains,high winds,and storms（风暴潮）.The storm surges and heavy rains can lead to flooding.
2 Hurricanes are given a different label,depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean,the Caribbean Sea,the Gulf of Mexico,or the Northeast Pa-cific Ocean,they are called hurricanes.Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line are called typhoon. Near Australia and in the India Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones（龙卷风）.
3 When a hurricane hits land,it can do great damage through its fierce winds,heavy rains , inland（内陆的）flooding, and huge waves crashing onto the shore. During a hurri-cane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or destroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people and destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning.
4 If a hurricane is coming in your area,the most important thing is to stay calm and find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one,stay indoors during the hurricane and go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket and be sure to keep away from windows and glass doors,because if the glass breaks it's real-ly dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is a lull（暂停）；it could be the eye of the storm-winds will pick up again.

During a hurricane one should stay away from________.
A: inland flooding
B: natural disaster
C: early warning
D: windows and glass doors
E: a constant speed
F: different labels

答案：D
解析：
段首句是典型定义句，该句可能就是该段主题句。该句意为“飓风是一种热带风暴，飓风的持续速度能达到74英里/小时”，显然该定义句在对飓风进行解释，C项“什么是飓风”正好与之呼应，因此答案很可能是C。从该段的主要内容来看，整个段落主要对飓风进行了介绍，内容涉及到风速,飓风刮风的方式，风眼以及飓风所带来的影响，由此可以进一步确认该段的主题是对飓风进行介绍。所以答案为C。
段首句不是定义句，也不是观点句，因此该句成为段落主题句的可能性较小。因为段落开头的句子即使不是主题句也往往起着引题的作用，所以段落开头的句子建议考生仔细阅读。段首句意为“根据发生的地点不同，飓风被贴上了不同的标签”。该段没有明显的段落主题词，因此跳看段落中的句子以较快的速度把握段落大意。段落中出现了这样一些彼此呼应的结构：they are called hurricanes（它们被称为飓风）, are called typhoon（被称为台风）,are referred to as tropical cyclones（被称为龙卷风）。显然这些彼此呼应的结构都与段首出现的“飓风被贴上了不同的标签”，指飓风有不同的名字，这正好与B项“飓风都有哪些不同的名字”呼应，因此答案为B。
段落中两次出现了damage“破坏”一词（提示：在段落中反复出现，但并非贯穿整个段落而出现的词可能是段落主题词，也可能不是），该词还在段首句中出现了，因此首先关注段首句。该句意为“当飓风抵达陆地时，它可能带来狂风，暴雨，内陆洪水和冲上海岸的巨浪而造成很大的破坏”。该句是观点句，因此可能是该段主题句。跳读整个段落，很容易在段落中发现这样的字眼：damage“破坏”, destroy property“破坏财产（即造成财产损失）”,kill people“夺取人们的生命”, fishermen at risk“渔民处于危险之中”，这些词语都与段首句中提出的“飓风造成的破坏”呼应，因此该题答案为D项“飓风会造成什么样的破坏”。提示：在需要通过阅读段落而把握段落大意的情况下，跳读段落是一个快速识别段落大意的有效方法。跳读不是阅读句子，而是关注段落中词语出现的情况，往往段落中彼此呼应的词语也能烘托出段落的主题思想。
段首句是观点句，该句就是段落主题句。该句意为“如果飓风来到你所在的地区，最重要的事情是保持冷静并且立刻找到躲避处”。依据该句意思来看，该句主要在说明当飓风发生的时候应该怎么做。这与A项“飓风发生的时候你应该怎样做？”意义一致，因此答案为A。
题干意为“根据发生地的不同，飓风有……”。与题干相关的句子在解答前面问题时阅读过，相关句Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur（随着发生地的不同，飓风被贴上了不同的标签）。由此可知F项“不同的标签”是答案。
题干意为“猛烈的飓风可能变成最具破坏性的……”，利用题干中出现的信 息短语powerful hurricane"猛烈的飓风”作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰词most de- structive“最具破坏力的”在短文中出现的情况：When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds,heavy rains,inland flooding,and huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or destroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more peo-ple and destroy more property than any other natural disaster.Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurticane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning．相关句（第三段第三句）意为“与其他任何一种自然灾害相比，猛烈的飓风会夺去更多人的生命，会毁掉更多的财产”。由此可知飓风可能会成为最具有破坏力的自然灾害，因此答案为B项“自然灾害”。
题干意为“当飓风到来的时候，渔民如果正在海上而且还没有得到……，那么他们就会处于很危险的境况中”。利用题干中出现的信息词/短语fishermen , great danger, sea作为定位线索，在第三段中找到相关句：When a hurricane hits land, it can do great dam- age through its fierce winds,heavy rains,inland flooding,and huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or de- stroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people and destroy more property than any other natural disaster.Fishermen are at special risk（与great danger呼应）from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning. 相关句（该段最后一句）意为 “当飓风到来时，如果渔民没有收到飓风警报，没有能够到达安全的港口，那么他们就可能处于很危险的境况之中”。由此可知C项“提前的警报”是答案。
题干意为“在飓风发生期间，人们应该远离……”。题干中虽然有细节信息词hurricane“飓风”出现，但因为该词是短文主题词，因此不选用该词作为定位线索。这样一来题干中就没有定位线索词了，在这样的情况下，关注题干中的谓语部分核心动词短语stay away from“远离”在短文中的出现情况：If a hurricane is coming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm and find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one,stay indoors during the hurricane and go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket and be sure to keep away from（与stay away from意义相近）windows and glass doors, because if the glass breaks it's really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is a lull（暂停）;it could be the eye of the storm-winds will pick up again．相关句（第四段倒数第二句）提到“裹上毯子，而且确保远离窗户和玻璃门”，由此判断D项“窗户和玻璃门”是答案。

第5题：

It can be known from the passage that increase in the salinity of ocean water is caused by___________.

A.melting of sea ice
B.precipitation
C.evaporation
D.supplement of salt

答案：C
解析：
根据第一段“One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evapora-tion．In this manner，the salinity is increased．”可知，答案为C，即海水蒸发可使盐度增加。

第6题：

When a hurricane passes over colder water or land and loses its tropical characteristics，the storm becomes a（n）______．

A.High pressure area

B.Extratropical low-pressure system

C.Tropical storm

D.Easterly wave


正确答案：B

第7题：

Deviation in a compass is caused by the ______.

A.vessel’s geographic position

B.vessel’s heading

C.earth’s magnetic field

D.influence of the magnetic materials of the vessel


正确答案：D
罗经的自差是由于船舶材料磁场的影响引起的。

第8题：

Reading Comprehension

Directions:There are two passages in this part．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements． For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D． Youshould decide on the best choice．

Questions 56- 60 are based on Passage One:

Passage One

The largest earthquake (magnitude里氏9．5)of the 20th century happened on May 22,1960 0ff the coast of South Central Chile．

It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific-wide tsunami（海啸）． Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concepcion to the south end of Isla Chiloe．The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe-the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中)．Huge tsuna- mi waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within l0 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland．

There was large damage and loss of life at Concepcion, Chile's top industrial city．Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people． At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed． A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed-one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless．

Total damage losses, including agriculture and industry, were estimated(估计） to be over a half billion dollars． The total number of deaths related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region． Estimates of deaths reached between 490 and 57,002 with no distinction(差别) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami． However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami．

Where did the largest tsunami damage occur? ( )

A． Concepcion

B． Isia Chiloe

C． Valdivia

D． Valparaiso


正确答案：B
B[解析]通过文章第二段“The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe —the coastal area closest to the epicenter（震中）．”可知本题答案为B。

第9题：

are caused B caused C are to cause D have been causing


答案：A
解析：

第10题：

共用题干
Hurricane
1 A hurricane（飓风）is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral（螺旋）around a relative calm center know as the“eye”.The“eye” is generally 20 to 30 miles wide,and the storm may ex- tend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land,it can bring heavy rains,high winds,and storms（风暴潮）.The storm surges and heavy rains can lead to flooding.
2 Hurricanes are given a different label,depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean,the Caribbean Sea,the Gulf of Mexico,or the Northeast Pa-cific Ocean,they are called hurricanes.Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line are called typhoon. Near Australia and in the India Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones（龙卷风）.
3 When a hurricane hits land,it can do great damage through its fierce winds,heavy rains , inland（内陆的）flooding, and huge waves crashing onto the shore. During a hurri-cane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or destroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people and destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning.
4 If a hurricane is coming in your area,the most important thing is to stay calm and find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one,stay indoors during the hurricane and go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket and be sure to keep away from windows and glass doors,because if the glass breaks it's real-ly dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is a lull（暂停）；it could be the eye of the storm-winds will pick up again.

Depending on where the occur,hurricanes have________.
A: inland flooding
B: natural disaster
C: early warning
D: windows and glass doors
E: a constant speed
F: different labels

答案：F
解析：
段首句是典型定义句，该句可能就是该段主题句。该句意为“飓风是一种热带风暴，飓风的持续速度能达到74英里/小时”，显然该定义句在对飓风进行解释，C项“什么是飓风”正好与之呼应，因此答案很可能是C。从该段的主要内容来看，整个段落主要对飓风进行了介绍，内容涉及到风速,飓风刮风的方式，风眼以及飓风所带来的影响，由此可以进一步确认该段的主题是对飓风进行介绍。所以答案为C。
段首句不是定义句，也不是观点句，因此该句成为段落主题句的可能性较小。因为段落开头的句子即使不是主题句也往往起着引题的作用，所以段落开头的句子建议考生仔细阅读。段首句意为“根据发生的地点不同，飓风被贴上了不同的标签”。该段没有明显的段落主题词，因此跳看段落中的句子以较快的速度把握段落大意。段落中出现了这样一些彼此呼应的结构：they are called hurricanes（它们被称为飓风）, are called typhoon（被称为台风）,are referred to as tropical cyclones（被称为龙卷风）。显然这些彼此呼应的结构都与段首出现的“飓风被贴上了不同的标签”，指飓风有不同的名字，这正好与B项“飓风都有哪些不同的名字”呼应，因此答案为B。
段落中两次出现了damage“破坏”一词（提示：在段落中反复出现，但并非贯穿整个段落而出现的词可能是段落主题词，也可能不是），该词还在段首句中出现了，因此首先关注段首句。该句意为“当飓风抵达陆地时，它可能带来狂风，暴雨，内陆洪水和冲上海岸的巨浪而造成很大的破坏”。该句是观点句，因此可能是该段主题句。跳读整个段落，很容易在段落中发现这样的字眼：damage“破坏”, destroy property“破坏财产（即造成财产损失）”,kill people“夺取人们的生命”, fishermen at risk“渔民处于危险之中”，这些词语都与段首句中提出的“飓风造成的破坏”呼应，因此该题答案为D项“飓风会造成什么样的破坏”。提示：在需要通过阅读段落而把握段落大意的情况下，跳读段落是一个快速识别段落大意的有效方法。跳读不是阅读句子，而是关注段落中词语出现的情况，往往段落中彼此呼应的词语也能烘托出段落的主题思想。
段首句是观点句，该句就是段落主题句。该句意为“如果飓风来到你所在的地区，最重要的事情是保持冷静并且立刻找到躲避处”。依据该句意思来看，该句主要在说明当飓风发生的时候应该怎么做。这与A项“飓风发生的时候你应该怎样做？”意义一致，因此答案为A。
题干意为“根据发生地的不同，飓风有……”。与题干相关的句子在解答前面问题时阅读过，相关句Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur（随着发生地的不同，飓风被贴上了不同的标签）。由此可知F项“不同的标签”是答案。
题干意为“猛烈的飓风可能变成最具破坏性的……”，利用题干中出现的信 息短语powerful hurricane"猛烈的飓风”作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰词most de- structive“最具破坏力的”在短文中出现的情况：When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds,heavy rains,inland flooding,and huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or destroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more peo-ple and destroy more property than any other natural disaster.Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurticane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning．相关句（第三段第三句）意为“与其他任何一种自然灾害相比，猛烈的飓风会夺去更多人的生命，会毁掉更多的财产”。由此可知飓风可能会成为最具有破坏力的自然灾害，因此答案为B项“自然灾害”。
题干意为“当飓风到来的时候，渔民如果正在海上而且还没有得到……，那么他们就会处于很危险的境况中”。利用题干中出现的信息词/短语fishermen , great danger, sea作为定位线索，在第三段中找到相关句：When a hurricane hits land, it can do great dam- age through its fierce winds,heavy rains,inland flooding,and huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or de- stroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people and destroy more property than any other natural disaster.Fishermen are at special risk（与great danger呼应）from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning. 相关句（该段最后一句）意为 “当飓风到来时，如果渔民没有收到飓风警报，没有能够到达安全的港口，那么他们就可能处于很危险的境况之中”。由此可知C项“提前的警报”是答案。
题干意为“在飓风发生期间，人们应该远离……”。题干中虽然有细节信息词hurricane“飓风”出现，但因为该词是短文主题词，因此不选用该词作为定位线索。这样一来题干中就没有定位线索词了，在这样的情况下，关注题干中的谓语部分核心动词短语stay away from“远离”在短文中的出现情况：If a hurricane is coming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm and find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one,stay indoors during the hurricane and go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket and be sure to keep away from（与stay away from意义相近）windows and glass doors, because if the glass breaks it's really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is a lull（暂停）;it could be the eye of the storm-winds will pick up again．相关句（第四段倒数第二句）提到“裹上毯子，而且确保远离窗户和玻璃门”，由此判断D项“窗户和玻璃门”是答案。

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