第1题：
D
The Cost of Higher Education
Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.
A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.
Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.
If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.
Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.
68. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to
A. taxpayers
B. pressing calls
C. college graduates
D. government resources
第2题：
A.accept
B.admit
C.concede
D.obey
第3题：
It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system __________.
[A]challenges economists and politicians
[B]takes efforts of generations
[C] demands priority from the government
[D] requires sufficient labor force
第4题：
A、super
B、chimney
C、sweeping
D、ruin
第5题：
laws of the state should be changed if they don’t agree with the federal laws. ()
第6题：
The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced
B. forcing
C. to be forced
D. having forced
第7题：
public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government. ()
第8题：
The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged __________.
[A] when people had enough time
[B] prior to better ways of finding food
[C] when people on longer went hung
[D] as a result of pressure on government
第9题：
today free education provided by the irish government covers all public universities，as is common in most of the countries of europe. ()
第10题：
The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged
A．when people had enough time.
B．prior to better ways of finding food.
C．when people on longer went hungry.
D．as a result of pressure on government.