共用题干 Earthquake Insurance1.Earthquake insurance is a form of homeowners' insurance which deals with damage caused by earthquakes.In regions where earthquakes are especially common,homeowners may be required to carry earthquake insurance,so that in the eve

题目

共用题干
Earthquake Insurance

1.Earthquake insurance is a form of homeowners' insurance which deals with damage caused by earthquakes.In regions where earthquakes are especially common,homeowners may be required to carry earthquake insurance,so that in the event of an earthquake,people rely less on government disaster funds and more on their own insurance policies.As a general rule,earthquake insurance is not a part of standard insurance policies,and it must be purchased separately.
2.Earthquakes can cause a variety of damage to a home,ranging from complete destruction to damage which causes the building to become structurally unsound.Indirect damage caused by neigh-boring collapses of structures and freeways can also occur,as can more bizarre forms of earthquake damage,like winding up with a car in the living room or a sinkhole in the back yard.Fires and flooding are also common problems in the wake of earthquakes.
3.When homeowners purchase earthquake insurance,they may be protected against both direct damage,such as a structural collapse after an earthquake,and indirect damage,like a fire caused by broken gas lines.More commonly,the insurance only covers structural damage caused directly by the earthquake.The insurance may pay for a complete replacement of the structure,or a remodel, depending on the type of insurance and the nature of the damage.Some policies also cover damaged property like cars,and they may provide living allowances so that the residents of the home can temporarily relocate for the duration of the repairs.
4.This type of homeowners' insurance is prone to adverse selection,in which only people in high risk areas purchase the insurance.The problem with adverse selection for insurance companies is that it decreases the pool of customers,making potential payouts very expensive.For this reason, earthquake insurance often has a high deductible,and it can he very expensive.
5.Recognizing the need for earthquake insurance,some governments have provided subsidies for earthquake insurance,to reduce the stress on insurance companies.Insurance companies also adjust their risk pools carefully,and there may be stringent requirements for a homeowner to purchase earthquake insurance.For example,a home may need to be retrofitted for earthquake safety, reducing the amount of damage which will be incurred in a quake.For low-income home owners, this can be very difficult,as it drives the cost of earthquake insurance out of reach,which can in turn make it difficult to get home loans,as many banks in earthquake-prone areas insist on earth-quake insurance as a condition for a loan.

Insurance companies also adjust their______.
A:indirect damage
B:risk pools
C:government disaster funds
D:the nature of the damage
E:insurance policies
F: prices

参考答案和解析

答案：B

解析：

第一段开宗明义，介绍地震保险是……实际上就是对地震保险下定义，很明显，就是要告诉读者什么是地震保险。所以选择D。
第二段第一句：Earthquakes can cause a variety of damage to a home…意思是地震会给一个家庭带来各种破坏……显然是在讲地震带来的危害。B选项What damages can a earthquake cause（地震会带来什么危害）与该段表述一致。
该段第一句：When homeowners purchase earthquake insurance, they may be protected against both direct damage,such as a structural collapse after an earthquake,and indirect damage, like a fire caused by broken gas lines．当人们购买了地震保险之后，他们就可以规避在地震中受到的直接损失和间接损失。很显然，该段说的是地震保险的主要保障内容。因而F 选项（地震保险主要包括哪些内容）与该段意思一致。
通过第五段第二句The problem with adverse selection for insurance companies is that it decreases the pool of customers, making potential payouts very expensive可以得出，该段主要是在讲地震保险运行中的一些问题，所以A项意思与原文表达一致。
通过文中第一段第二句In regions where earthquakes are especially common,homeowners may be required to carry earthquake insurance,so that in the event of an earth-quake, people rely less on government disaster funds and more on their own insurance policies可以得出答案为E选项（insurance policies)。
文中第二段第二句：Indirect damage caused by neighboring collapses of structures and freeways can also occur．也会发生邻居房屋或高速公路倒塌对自家房屋造成的间接破坏。可以得出选项A比较合适。
文中第三段第三句：The insurance may pay for a complete replacement of the structure, or a remodel, depending on the type of insurance and the nature of the damage．可以从文中找到出处，所以选项D正确。
通过文中第五段第二句Insurance companies also adjust their risk pools carefully…可以推断出选项B。

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