2017年考研英语考级真题与翻译

By choosing the best doctor for your needs, you can be more sure of getting the proper health care.()

此题为判断题(对，错)。

标准答案:对

Sometimes your body language, gestures and expressions may tell people () about you than the words you use.

A、more

B、most

C、much

参考答案：A

Stress is the feeling you get when you're really worried about something． This is the kind of worry that troubles you for hours，or even days．It makes you feel (11)，scared(恐惧的)，or angry． You may find it difficult to eat and sleep，or you might eat and sleep much(12) than usual． Stressing out will lead to serious 'problems like heart illness．(13) not all stress is bad for you． The good kind (14) your body and mind alert(机敏的) and can make you perform better，like when you're giving a speech to your class or running to the finish line．

What causes stress? Do you know(15) your dad is worried about the bills，or your mom is unhappy? Because they're stressed out! There are lots of things in your life that ,(16) cause stress-having too much homework，taking a test in a subject that you are not good (17) ，or hearing your parents argue!

There are some ways to (18) stress． If you're stressed out，try these quick and easy

ways to relaxt Take part in sports and out-of-class activities． Try to get at least eight hours of sleep every night． Eat a healthy，balanced (19) that includes all kinds of food． Talk with your close friends，family members or teachers: It'll make you feel better，and (20) may be able to give you advice and help you solve your problem．

( )11．

A．calm

B．excited

C．surprised

D．upset

正确答案：D
Ⅱ．11.D【解析】句意：压力使你感觉心烦、恐惧和恼怒。其他三项均不合意。

Did you sleep well last night? Maybe many people will answer No.In fact, in the world about one in three people do not have good sleep.(1) you say you do not have good sleep, it means waking early and not getting back to sleep, of ten interrupted short period of sleep, or hours or wakefulness.You (2) get tired, worried, and anxious.Your menory and ability to remember things will be affected

Then what should you do when you have the trouble? Do not worry about it too much.First, let' s see whether you can sleep yourself.The ways are as follows:

First,(3)that your bedroom isn' t too cold or too hot Keep it dark aha quiet.

Second, check your lifestyle.:

Do not drink tea, coffee, cola or chocolate four hours before going to bed.Drink less liquid so that you can have no or fewer visits to the toilet

Set your body clock well by getting up and going to bed he fixed time every day.You (4) take any day time naps.

Develop a relaxing bedt ime habit.Read or listen to music.then take a warm bath.If you really can not sleep, try some bread, rice or mil.They will help you fall asleep.

Go for a daily walk.Natural light helps you to put your body clock into correct habits,(5) do exercise outdoors if you can.

Forget the worries of the day.Write down any worries,thoughts or uestions before you go to bed.With these written down, you will have less to think about and your sleep will become easier.(完型填空)

A.Make sure

B.May

C.If

D.Had better

E.So

参考答案：CBADE

共用题干
Look After Your Voice
Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water.You can solve the problem by activating the saliva（唾液）in your mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or,press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine that you are slicing（切片）a big juicy lemon and sucking（吮吸）the juice.
Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted（稀释的）fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice,stop talking completely.Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.
What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking.The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until you finish speaking.
Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating sinks or swimming pools,said,"We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter."Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.if you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.

The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：B

解析：

第一段第一、二句表明，当演讲者口干的时候，作者的建议是刺激唾液分泌；第二段第二句表明，喉咙中要避免有牛奶或含乳饮料。因此，演讲者口干时没有被建议去喝冷牛奶，反而被告诫不要饮用牛奶或含乳饮料，可见题干表述错误。
第一段第三、四、五句表明，刺激唾液分泌的方法有三种：用牙齿轻咬舌边；把整个舌头往口中压；幻想正在吮吸柠檬汁。由此可知，第一段提到了三种在口中刺激唾液分泌的方法，可见题干表述正确。
根据第三段第四句可知，倘若你需要看医生，或许能从职业歌手那里得到一些建议。这表明，在作者看来，即便你需要得到建议，也不必去看医生，而应该向职业歌手寻求建议。而且，第三段第一句提到，如果你感到嗓子不舒服，应停止谈话，而不是去看医生。可见题干表述错误。
第四段第二句表明，作者建议演讲前不要碰酒；由第四段最后一句也可知，演讲后方能喝酒。由此可知题干表述错误，作者并不建议演讲者通过饮酒来增强信心。
第四段第五句表明，喝完酒后你会感到浑身充满力量，觉得你无所不能，可是实际上你的头脑和舌头却不能协同工作，可见题干表述正确。
第五段第三句虽然提到歌德在夏天学习滑冰而在冬天学习游泳，但通篇文章并没有提到歌德是否经常在户外滑冰和游泳。
第五段第四句表明，记住歌德的这句话，并且给你自己点时间去养成新的习惯。由此可知，作者引用歌德的话，主要是为了表明习惯是可以改变和养成的，可见题干表述正确。

大学英语2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold, and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds thats usually 14 with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.”Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called “the bonding hormone” 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1A BesidesB UnlikeC ThroughoutD Despite2A equalB restrictedC connectedD inferior3A viewB hostC lessonD choice4A avoidB forgetC recallD keep5A collectingB affectingC guidingD involving6A onB inC atD of7A devotedB attractedC lostD exposed8A alongB acrossC downD out9A imaginedB deniedC doubtedD calculated10A servedB restoredC explainedD required11A ThusB StillC RatherD Even12A defeatsB symptomsC errorsD tests13A highlightedB increasedC controlledD minimized14A presentedB equippedC associatedD compared15A assessB generateC moderateD record16A in the name ofB in the form ofC in the face ofD in the way of17A attributeB commitC transferD return18A unlessB becauseC thoughD until19A remainsB emergesC vanishesD decreases20A experiencesB combinesC justifiesDinfluences拥抱可以使医生远离我们吗？答案也许是响亮的“是的”。除了能帮助你感到和自己在乎的人关系亲密之外，事实证明拥抱还可以给你的身心健康带来许多好处。不管你信不信，温暖的拥抱在冬天可以帮助你避免生病。最近，宾夕法尼亚州卡耐基梅隆大学的研究人员对超过400名健康成年人进行了研究。他们在让这些实验对象接触感冒病毒后，检测了“感觉到社会支持、”和“受到别人拥抱”这两点对他们患上常见感冒的敏感性的影响。感觉到更多社会支持的人更不容易患感冒，研究人员推算出，这种对健康的有益影响，大约有32%是由拥抱所产生的减压效果所带来的。甚至在已经患上感冒的人群中，感觉得到更多社会支持和频繁得到拥抱的人的症状也更轻。“拥抱可以保护那些处于压力之下的人免受与压力有关的、愈发增加的感冒的风险，”来自卡内基大学的心理学教授谢尔登科恩观察道。拥抱“能制造亲密，也能帮助产生面对困难时，有人来帮助你的感觉。”一些专家将拥抱所产生的减缓压力的健康好处归因于拥抱所释放的催生素，其通常被称为“结合激素”，因为它能促进依附关系，包括母亲与新生婴儿之间的依附关系。催生素、主要产生在大脑的中低部，其有一部分会被释放进血液里。但还有一部分会留在大脑里，影响人们的情绪、行为及生理。Section Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hoursthis is how far in

共用题干
Look After Your Voice
Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or,press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows.Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.
Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice,Avoid milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.
If you sense that you are losing your voice,stop talking completely.In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.Save your voice for your health.You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If it is necessary,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.
What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.
Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime .Of course you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools,said,“We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter”.Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.If you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.

The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned

答案：B

解析：

文章在第二段提到“Avoid milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat.”避免喝牛奶或者乳制品饮料，因为那些饮品会使你的嗓子发干。

文章的第一段的第三、四、五句，分别提到三种调动唾液的方法。

文章第三段指出，如果你感觉嗓音变沙哑，你要彻底停止讲话，并向专业歌手征求保护嗓子的建议。

文章第四段指出，酒精给予人的自信只是刺激大脑产生的感觉，但事实上酒精会破坏大脑和嘴的协调性。

文章第四段指出喝酒对于讲话的弊端“…but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.”

文章没有提及。

文章引用歌德的名言就是为了给读者以励志，来证明一个人是可以改掉他多年的习惯的。

Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding"yes!"___1__helping you feel close and__2___to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a___3__of health benefits to your body and minD.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you__4___getting sick this winter.In a recent study___5__over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs___6__the participants'susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being___7__to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come___8__with a cold,and the researchers__9___that the stress-reducing effects of hugging___10__about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.___11__among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe__12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the___13__risk for colds that's usually__14___with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and helps__15___the feeling that others are there to help___16__difficulty."Some experts___17__the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin（后叶催产素）,often called"the bonding hormone"__18___it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it___19__in the brain,where it__20___mood,behavior and physiology.11选？

A.Thus
B.Still
C.Rather
D.Even

答案：D

解析：

此题是逻辑关联题。若想判断这个空的答案，需要结合上下文方能确定。此空上文说的是：People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come down with a cold感受到更大社会支持的人不太可能会患上感冒，后文说的是：____those who got a cold,those who felt greater social support and received more　frequent hugs had less severe_____.____患上感冒，那些感受到更大社会支持的人不太可能患上严重的_____。前后结构对应，含义上是一种明显的递进，所以选择答案为Even.

A.along
B.across
C.down
D.out

答案：C

解析：

此处考察上下语境下动介的搭配问题。文中提到People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come____with a cold。上文提到做实验研究受试者在接触病毒之后患感冒的易感性。题目涉及实验的结果，有着更大感知社会支持能力的人患感冒的几率更低。所以这里要填一个介词与come搭配，表示患上感冒。come down下来，降落;倒塌;感染。因此排除A.come across偶遇;偶然发现;使产生…印象;B.come along出现，发生，进展;D.come out出现;出版;结果是,都不符合语义。因此正确答案为C选项。

A.view
B.host
C.lesson
D.choice

答案：A

解析：

此处考察词义辨析。该从句含义为：拥抱可以给你的身心健康带来_____好处。A host of为固定搭配，表示许多的，大量的，在此处语义和搭配均吻合，所以为正确答案。View观点，视野，lesson教训，choice选择，放在此处语义不通。

A.avoid
B.forget
C.recall
D.keep

答案：C

解析：

此处考察词义辨析。该句含义为：温暖的拥抱在冬天可以帮助你______生病。根据语义，不难确定此处需要“避免”“防止”的词，并且后面搭配动名词，故答案为C选项avoid避免。Recall使回想，召集，forget忘记，keep（doing）一直做，均不吻合句义。

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考题共用题干第三篇Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that your are losing your voice,stop talking completely.Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a life- time.Of course you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools,said,"We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter."Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.If you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.What does the writer suggest when you feel you are losing your voice?A:Rest your voice.B:Drink some alcohol.C:Ask a singer to teach you how to protect your voice.D:Never go to see a doctor.答案：A解析：在文章第一段中，作者提到三种解决讲话时口干的方法，分别对应A、B、C选项。故选D。由文章第三段第三句“...but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.”可知，答案为A。由文章第四段可知，作者忠告演说者在演说之前千万不要饮酒。故选B。文章最后一段中歌德的原话是“We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter",A项与歌德的说法最接近。作者在最后一段引用歌德的话想证明，一个人在一生中养成的习惯如果想改还是可以改的。故选C。第5部分：补全短文

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考题共用题干 Going on a DietA typical person needs about 1,800 calories per day to stay alive. These calories keep your heart___ 1 ___and your lungs breathing. They keep your organs operating___ 2___ and,your brain running. They also keep your body warm. A person___ 3___weight because he or she consumes more calories per day than needed. The only way to lose fat is to ___4 ___the number of calories that you consume per day. This is the basic___5___behind going on a diet.Unfortunately,diets don't___6___or most people. They do lose weight but then go ___7___the diet and put it back. Building a sensible diet and exercise plan is the key to___8___ consistent weight. You need to figure out how many calories you need in a day and how many you ___9___take in. The next step is to add exercise so that you can ___10___the number of cal-onies you can consume per day.Exercise charts can show you how many calories different___11___of exercise can burn.Burning 250 or 500 calories per day can___12___ a big difference. You can ride an exercise bike while you are watching TV or you can ___13___ the stairs instead of the elevator. Find an exer- cise___14___.Exercise can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to. It's a good idea to wear firm-fitting clothes if you are on a diet.___15___clothing acts as a reminder of what you are trying to accomplish.3._________A: gainsB: bringsC: takesD: carries答案：A解析：我们很清楚此处要选的是表示心跳的单词，常规理解的跳是jump，但是在英文里表示心跳要用 heart beat，所以此处选beat的动名词形式beating。所以本题选C。A项“快地”；B项“轻松地”；C项“温热地”；D项“正常地”。可见只有D项符合题意。故选D。备选项中gain与weight搭配组成词组正是长胖了的意思。bring和take 不与weight直接搭配，carry weight的意思是重要，与题意不符。所以本题选A。本题很明显要选有减少、降低意思的词汇。A项“加倍”；B项“降低”；C项 “修正”；D项“移动”。所以本题选B。四个选项的意思分别为A项“原理”；B项“形式”；C项“方法”；D项“种类”。根据句意选A合适。don't work for sb．表示对某人不起作用。根据后文也知道此处选work比较合适。此外题目给的一些备选项是及物动词，也可以作为排除的标准。前文一直在用on diet这个词组，表示控制饮食，此处讲体重回升肯定要选和 on diet相反意思，on与off是一对反义词，go off the diet表示“停止节食”。故选C。此题还是考察和weight的词语搭配。get不和weight搭配，meet和sup-port是够重、承受重量的意思，maintain weight是保持体重的意思。可见选D正确。本题需要填入一个修饰“摄入”的副词。从词义上看，四个单词分别是A项 “部分地”；B项“希望地”；C项“明智地”；D项“实际地”。可见D选项正确。本句很显然要选有“提高、增长”含义的词汇，因为增大运动量会多消耗卡路里，最终减重。四个选项中C项raise是“增长”的意思。D项grow也有“增长”的意思，但此句很明显需要的是及物动词，grow做及物动词的意思是“种植”，做不及物动词时才有“增长”的意思。所以此处不能选grow。故选C。此处很明显要填入表示“形式”的单词。所以B、C选项不适合。ways表示方式，forms表示形式。form更强调客观物质的形式，方式，格式，例如：Ice, snow and steam are different forms of water.（冰、雪、蒸汽是水的不同形式。) way则强调事情解决的方法， form则不可以用来作为事情解决方法。例如：They are trying to find a way of settling the dispute.（他们正设法寻找解决争端的办法。）所以此处选forms，故D项正确。此处主要考察和difference的搭配。make a difference是固定搭配，所以此处选C。此处需要选择和stairs搭配组成“走楼梯”词组的单词。在汉语中我们常说爬楼梯，在英语里也用climb来表示。其他搭配都不符合题意。所以本题选B。从后面的“Exercise can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to.”可以看到此处要选的是同伴。所以选A, colleague一般表示同事，用于此处显然不适合。你的目标是节食和减肥，自然要穿紧衣服。所以此处选A。

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考题共用题干第三篇Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that your are losing your voice,stop talking completely.Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a life- time.Of course you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools,said,"We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter."Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.If you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.What did Goethe say about skating and swimming?A:He said people could learn to skate when it was hot and swim when it was cold.B:He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was hot.C:He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was cold.D:He said people could learn to skate when it was cold and swim when it was hot.答案：A解析：在文章第一段中，作者提到三种解决讲话时口干的方法，分别对应A、B、C选项。故选D。由文章第三段第三句“...but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.”可知，答案为A。由文章第四段可知，作者忠告演说者在演说之前千万不要饮酒。故选B。文章最后一段中歌德的原话是“We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter",A项与歌德的说法最接近。作者在最后一段引用歌德的话想证明，一个人在一生中养成的习惯如果想改还是可以改的。故选C。第5部分：补全短文

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考题单选题What may help you feel better about your body?A Observing other healthy people around you.B Looking around at the models you see every day.C Exercising every day to improve your body shape.D Talking to your parent or even your doctor.正确答案：A解析：录音中提到“Looking at other healthy people you know may help you to feel better about your body.”，由此可知看看自己身边的健康人可以帮助你感到好受一些。【录音原文】　　Some people are on restricted diets because they are allergic to milk or wheat products, for example, or for other health reasons. And lots of people try reducing diets in an effort to lose weight. You may know some kids or adults who complain about their weight and say that they should be on a diet.　　Maybe you feel that you are at an unhealthy weight and should be on a diet, too. But how do you know? It’s difficult to determine what body shape and weight is just right for you because there is no perfect body shape. For example, some people just have broader body shapes or bigger bones than other people. These people will always look heavier than those with smaller bones.　　It’s also normal for people to be harder on themselves than on others. Although others see your great smile and long legs, you may focus on the fact that your stomach isn’t as flat as you’d like it to be or that you think your rear end is wide. Try to focus on the good things about yourself.　　Don’t look to TV or the movies to find the person you want to look like. These people are often on very strict and unhealthy diets to stay thin. And many models in magazines, newspapers, and on the Internet have been airbrushed to look perfect. These pictures and people are not realistic at all!　　Instead, look around at people you see every day: what sorts of body shapes do your family members have? What do the athletes in your school or neighborhood look like? Looking at other healthy people you know may help you to feel better about your body. Are you still worried you might be at an unhealthy weight? Then it’s time to talk to your parent and maybe even see your doctor.

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考题共用题干 Going on a DietA typical person needs about 1,800 calories per day to stay alive. These calories keep your heart___ 1 ___and your lungs breathing. They keep your organs operating___ 2___ and,your brain running. They also keep your body warm. A person___ 3___weight because he or she consumes more calories per day than needed. The only way to lose fat is to ___4 ___the number of calories that you consume per day. This is the basic___5___behind going on a diet.Unfortunately,diets don't___6___or most people. They do lose weight but then go ___7___the diet and put it back. Building a sensible diet and exercise plan is the key to___8___ consistent weight. You need to figure out how many calories you need in a day and how many you ___9___take in. The next step is to add exercise so that you can ___10___the number of cal-onies you can consume per day.Exercise charts can show you how many calories different___11___of exercise can burn.Burning 250 or 500 calories per day can___12___ a big difference. You can ride an exercise bike while you are watching TV or you can ___13___ the stairs instead of the elevator. Find an exer- cise___14___.Exercise can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to. It's a good idea to wear firm-fitting clothes if you are on a diet.___15___clothing acts as a reminder of what you are trying to accomplish.2._________A: quicklyB: easilyC: warmlyD: properly答案：D解析：我们很清楚此处要选的是表示心跳的单词，常规理解的跳是jump，但是在英文里表示心跳要用 heart beat，所以此处选beat的动名词形式beating。所以本题选C。A项“快地”；B项“轻松地”；C项“温热地”；D项“正常地”。可见只有D项符合题意。故选D。备选项中gain与weight搭配组成词组正是长胖了的意思。bring和take 不与weight直接搭配，carry weight的意思是重要，与题意不符。所以本题选A。本题很明显要选有减少、降低意思的词汇。A项“加倍”；B项“降低”；C项 “修正”；D项“移动”。所以本题选B。四个选项的意思分别为A项“原理”；B项“形式”；C项“方法”；D项“种类”。根据句意选A合适。don't work for sb．表示对某人不起作用。根据后文也知道此处选work比较合适。此外题目给的一些备选项是及物动词，也可以作为排除的标准。前文一直在用on diet这个词组，表示控制饮食，此处讲体重回升肯定要选和 on diet相反意思，on与off是一对反义词，go off the diet表示“停止节食”。故选C。此题还是考察和weight的词语搭配。get不和weight搭配，meet和sup-port是够重、承受重量的意思，maintain weight是保持体重的意思。可见选D正确。本题需要填入一个修饰“摄入”的副词。从词义上看，四个单词分别是A项 “部分地”；B项“希望地”；C项“明智地”；D项“实际地”。可见D选项正确。本句很显然要选有“提高、增长”含义的词汇，因为增大运动量会多消耗卡路里，最终减重。四个选项中C项raise是“增长”的意思。D项grow也有“增长”的意思，但此句很明显需要的是及物动词，grow做及物动词的意思是“种植”，做不及物动词时才有“增长”的意思。所以此处不能选grow。故选C。此处很明显要填入表示“形式”的单词。所以B、C选项不适合。ways表示方式，forms表示形式。form更强调客观物质的形式，方式，格式，例如：Ice, snow and steam are different forms of water.（冰、雪、蒸汽是水的不同形式。) way则强调事情解决的方法， form则不可以用来作为事情解决方法。例如：They are trying to find a way of settling the dispute.（他们正设法寻找解决争端的办法。）所以此处选forms，故D项正确。此处主要考察和difference的搭配。make a difference是固定搭配，所以此处选C。此处需要选择和stairs搭配组成“走楼梯”词组的单词。在汉语中我们常说爬楼梯，在英语里也用climb来表示。其他搭配都不符合题意。所以本题选B。从后面的“Exercise can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to.”可以看到此处要选的是同伴。所以选A, colleague一般表示同事，用于此处显然不适合。你的目标是节食和减肥，自然要穿紧衣服。所以此处选A。

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考题共用题干 How the Body Keeps the Same TemperatureThe temperature of your body should always be the same if you are fine,no matter whether the weather is hot or cold.That is why the doctor tests your temperature with a thermometer when you are sick.Normally, your body teniperature is ninety-eight point six degrees Fahrenheit.If it is_______(51)than that,it is a stire sign that something is wrong with your body.Your body keeps the same temperature all the time,because it balances the heat it produces and theheat it_______(52)off. It is always burning up food and producing heat.It can produce heat faster when the body needs or give off heat faster when the body becomes too warm.Let's see_______(53) this works.The heat of your body is given off chiefly through the skin.When you feel_______(54),your skin is tight and shows"goose flesh".When you feel chilly,you must_______(55)around to keep warm._______(56)your muscles begin to work,bum up fuel and produce more heat.It is not_______(57)toshiver,so you usually prefer warming up by taking exercise,or put_______(58)more clothes to keep warm。When you get warm,the skin is loose and soft. It is so supplied_______(59)blood that heat is giv-en off rapidly. If you get too warm,you begin to sweat and_______(60)body heat is used in evaporating the, moisture in your body.In warm_______(61)or warm rooms,you wear less clothing,_______ (62)heat can be given off freely. You prefer less exercise because your body is warm_______(63),and the extra heat produced by taking too much exercise makes you uncomfortable.Now you see why you_______(64)differently in different kinds of weather. In summer,when it is hot,you feel tired and lazy.You do not care to work or play,but enjoy lying down and doing nothing. When you get out of door in winter,the cold air makes you feel_______(65).You want to run and play._________(61)A:weatherB:climateC:circumstanceD:environment答案：A解析：前面的内容讲的是，体温要保持一定的稳定性，人的身体才会健康。由此可推断，体温过高或过低都说明人的身体出现了问题。结合选项可知选D。give off意为“发出，放出（气味、热等）";put off意为“推迟”;show off意为“炫耀”;keep off意为“使……远离”。结合句意应选A。前面简单提到我们的身体需要热量的时候就能产生热量，我们的身体变得太暖和的时候就会很快地释放热量。根据上下文可知，这里是一个过渡的句子，意为“让我们看看这是怎么工作的”。故选A。结合常识可知，当你感到冷的时候，会起鸡皮疙瘩。因此选D。make做；eat吃；work工作；jump跳。这里说的是如果你感到很冷，你必须要跳来跳去来取暖。故选D。前面提到跳来跳去来取暖，那么接着肌肉就开始工作了。then表示“接着”，符合句意。结合常识可知，颤抖是不令人愉快的，且后面的句子中有prefer，因此应选B。put on意为“穿上”，符合句意。supply with意为“提供……”，为固定搭配，符合句意。more更多的；enough足够的；many很多little很少。此句意为：更多的身体热量用来蒸发身体里的水分。因此选A。weather天气；climate气候；circumstance条件，状况；environment环境。结合句意应选A。or否则；so that以便；but但是；and和。结合句意应选B。本句的意思是：你喜欢少运动是因为你的身体足够的暖和。因此选C。根据后面讲的夏天和冬天的感受可知，这里应选feel,结合上下文的意思可知，夏天人们喜欢躺在床上什么也不做，而在冬天人们通过运动来取暖。由此可知，在冬天人们显得生机勃勃。

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考题共用题干 Going on a DietA typical person needs about 1,800 calories per day to stay alive.These calories keep your heart ______(51)and your lungs breathing.They keep your organs operating______(52)and your brain running.They also keep your body warm.A person______(53)weight because he or she takes in more calories per day than needed.The only way to lose fat is to______(54)the number of calories that you take in per day.This is the basic______(55)behind going on a diet.______(56),diets don't work for most people.They do lose weight but then_______(57)the diet and put it back.Building a sensible diet and exercise plan is the key to______(58)a consistent weight.You need to figure out how many calories you need in a day and how many you______(59)take in.The next step is to add exercise so that you can______(60)the number of calories you can consume per day.Exercise charts can show you how many calories different_______(61)of exercise can burn.Burning 250 or 500 calories per day can______(62)a big difference.You can ride an exercise bike while you are watching TV or you can_(63)the stairs instead of the elevator.Find an exercise______(64).Exercise can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to.It's a good idea to wear firm-fitting clothes if you are on a diet.______(65)clothing acts as a reminder of what you are trying to accomplish.58._________A:getting B:measuring C:maintaining D:reserving答案：C解析：本句意思：体内的热量可以维持人的心脏跳动和肺部呼吸。所以选beating。tick发出滴答声；run运转，奔跑；kick踢。本句意思：体内的热量可以使身体的器官正常运转。properly和appropriately都有“合适地，适当地”之意，但properly可以表达“正常地，按照一定规律地”的意思。approximately近似地，大约，大概，近乎；effectively有效地。本句意思：一个人体重增加是因为他或她每天摄入的卡路里多于身体所需要的。gain weight和put on weight是“增加体重”的意思，故选C。本句意思：唯一的减肥办法就是减少每天的卡路里的摄入量。reduce意思是“减少，降低”，符合句意。cut off切割，剪断；take down记录，记下；remove移走，去除。本句要表达节食的基本原则是上文所述的“减少每天卡路里的摄入量”。way和method是“方式，方法”的意思；kind作为名词是“类别”的意思，不符合题意。答案为principle“原则”。本句意思：______，节食对大多数人的减肥并不奏效。unfortunately意思是“遗憾地，不幸地”，符合句意。similarly相似地；though虽然；although虽然。本句意思：他们体重下降了，就______节食，结果体重又上升了。go off意思是“离开，中断”，符合句意。go on继续；go after追逐，追求；go under沉没，失败。本句意思：建立一个切实可行的节食和锻炼计划是______体重的关键。maintain意思是“保持，维持”，符合句意。get得到，获得；measure测量； reserve保留，储藏。本句意思：你需要计算出你每天需要的和______摄入的卡路里。actually意思是“实际上”，符合句意。preferably更好地；consistently一贯地；eventually终于，最后。本句意思：下一步就是加强运动以______每天消耗的热量。raise意思是“增加”，符合句意。go up上升；exceed超过，超越；grow生长。本句意思：运动图表可以向你展示不同______的运动所能燃烧的热量。form意思是 “形式，种类”，符合句意。way方式，方法；factor因素；function功能，职责。本句意思：每天燃烧250或者500卡路里热量就会大不一样。make a difference为固定短语，意为“有（很大）影响，使大不相同”。本句意思：你可以在看电视时骑一下健身车或者选择爬楼梯而不是乘电梯。climb stairs意思是“爬楼梯”，符合句意。walk stairs走上/下楼梯；run stairs跑上/下楼梯。本句意思：找个一起锻炼的______。partner意思是“搭档，同伴”，符合句意。colleague同事，同行；associate同事，伙伴；friend朋友。本句承接上句提到的firm-fitting，要表达“紧身衣可以像一个提醒者一样提醒你要尽力达到的目标”。tight意思是“紧身的，紧贴的”，符合句意。loose宽松的，不受约束的；casual随便的，非正式的；formal正式的。

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考题 Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding"yes!"___1__helping you feel close and__2___to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a___3__of health benefits to your body and minD.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you__4___getting sick this winter.In a recent study___5__over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs___6__the participants'susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being___7__to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come___8__with a cold,and the researchers__9___that the stress-reducing effects of hugging___10__about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.___11__among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe__12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the___13__risk for colds that's usually__14___with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and helps__15___the feeling that others are there to help___16__difficulty."Some experts___17__the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin（后叶催产素）,often called"the bonding hormone"__18___it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it___19__in the brain,where it__20___mood,behavior and physiology.1选？A.Unlike B.Besides C.Throughout D.Despite答案：B解析：此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。上文改写俗语，大意为拥抱可以使医生远离我们，即不得病，为积极含义，空后大意为：_______使你感觉与别人亲近并_______，所以也是积极含义，并同为拥抱的好处，因此选择B选项besides除了……之外还有……，A选项unlike不同于与D选项despite尽管，均为转接，故排除，C选项throughout贯穿，语义不通顺，故答案为[B]Besides。

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考题 Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding"yes!"___1__helping you feel close and__2___to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a___3__of health benefits to your body and minD.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you__4___getting sick this winter.In a recent study___5__over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs___6__the participants'susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being___7__to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come___8__with a cold,and the researchers__9___that the stress-reducing effects of hugging___10__about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.___11__among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe__12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the___13__risk for colds that's usually__14___with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and helps__15___the feeling that others are there to help___16__difficulty."Some experts___17__the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin（后叶催产素）,often called"the bonding hormone"__18___it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it___19__in the brain,where it__20___mood,behavior and physiology.2选？A.equal B.restricted C.connected D.inferior答案：C解析：此处考察近义词复现，该空前有and，说明所填词汇应与close（亲近的）形成同义复现关系，并且所选词汇应搭配介词to，因此答案为C选项connected有关联的。A选项equal平等的，B选项restricted限制的，D选项inferior低劣的，虽然都可以搭配to，但不能和close同义复现，故答案为[C]connected。

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考题共用题干 Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth .Or,press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows.Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk,be kind'to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that you are losing your voice,stop talking completely.In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.Save your voice for your health.You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If it is necessary,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alco- hol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime .Of course you can .Goethe,who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools,said,“We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter”.Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.If you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body. The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned答案：B解析：文章在第二段提到“Avoid milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat.”避免喝牛奶或者乳制品饮料，因为那些饮品会使你的嗓子发干。文章的第一段的第三、四、五句，分别提到三种调动唾液的方法。文章第三段指出，如果你感觉嗓音变沙哑，你要彻底停止讲话，并向专业歌手征求保护嗓子的建议。文章第四段指出，酒精给予人的自信只是刺激大脑产生的感觉，但事实上酒精会破坏大脑和嘴的协调性。文章第四段指出喝酒对于讲话的弊端“… but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.”文章没有提及。文章引用歌德的名言就是为了给读者以励志，来证明一个人是可以改掉他多年的习惯的。

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2017年考研英语考级真题与翻译

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