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Advertising to Children （1） Not only are they easily swayed by advertising， they are also persuasive in encouraging their parents to buy a product. If a child wants something in their kid's locker， they will prod and annoy their parents until they get wh

题目

Advertising to Children （1） Not only are they easily swayed by advertising， they are also persuasive in encouraging their parents to buy a product. If a child wants something in their kid's locker， they will prod and annoy their parents until they get what they want.（2）All it takes is a little suggestion from a single advertisement to send them on their way. （3） In a campaign entitled "Kids are the Star"， its employees were encouraged to pay special attention to children and to make sure they had a positive experience while eating at its restaurants. The reason for this， naturally， was not that the McDonald's corporation cared deeply about the well-being of children everywhere， but that the pester-power that children have is extraordinarily effective at bringing their parents back for more visits. The way that advertisers target children is simple big， bright lights， happy people and animated characters are all that is needed to encourage children to think a certain product is something they want. （4）They do not realize that Ronald McDonald is just a guy in a Costum and make-up， and that behind the counter of every McDonald's is a bunch of kids working in uncomfortable conditions for low pay. This poses a real moral dilemma for those who make the advertising decisions， or at least it should. （5）How do you say no to an opportunity to reach such a wide audience of children， who act as advertisers themselves when they encourage other children and their parents to buy a particular product？ 5.（）

  • A、While manipulating children into believing lies， especially encouraging them to eat unhealthy foods， is obviously bad， the purpose of business is to make money
  • B、The superficial reactions children get from eating McDonald's last about as long as they are at the place
  • C、McDonald's at one stage advised employees to specifically target children
  • D、Children are a prime target for advertisers and salesmen across the world
  • E、Anyone who has seen a child pester its parents knows the lengths children can go to
  • F、This is because children are naive； they genuinely believe what an advertiser tells them
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

Parents can have a great impact on the development of their children's creativity in art. But first，they have to know how. They may find the following advice interesting and instructive.

Encourage free drawing rather than coloring books. Coloring books stop the possibility of self-expression. A child may just enjoy colorful pictures and never learn how to express himself. As an art teacher says，“Children have a very powerful instinct to draw freely and roughly. Such practice makes them learn language easily. ”In fact，a child expresses himself in rough drawing. This is the beginning of literacy and creativity. Also，parents should not teach their kids“how”to draw and they should not make their kids draw realistic pictures to entertain themselves. Experience tells us that such teaching from the parents will discourage children，making them think they can't do it the “right”way.

Competition and rewards should also be avoided in the process of artistic creation. A child's natural instinct to create will disappear if he or she thinks about prize while drawing.

Parents should be role models for their kids. They should not say things like，“I can't draw a straight line. ”Instead，they should learn to say，“I love to create. ”This teaches children that the process of creation is more important than the product. If children see their parents drawing，cooking or building creatively，they will do the same.

Buy a notebook for your child to use every day. This can be a journal for making up stories，writing ideas and drawing pictures. Even the youngest child can use it to draw freely and roughly，expressing himself.

Take your child to places that promote ideas and creativity. Art museums，science centers，libraries and children's museums all are great places to see other people's creativity. That will inspire children to make their own creations and inventions.

Give children choices and free time. Some of the best ideas come from daydreaming and imagining.

In short，parents should allow their kids to have the freedom to invent for themselves. That means not always teaching and commanding.

To develop their artistic creativity，children should be encouraged to______.

A．draw freely and roughly

B．learn to draw realistic pictures

C．know how to draw before they start

D．learn to draw good pictures to get prizes


正确答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由第二段第一句可知：应该鼓励孩子们自由地画画而不应该鼓励他们看彩色书。且由第二段第四句可知：孩子们的自由，随意画画的能力很强。因此，A项符合题意。

第2题：

According to the surveys in the U. S., _____.

［A］ bullying among adults is also rising ［B］ parents are not supervising their children well

［C］ parents seldom believe bullies ［D］ most parents resort to calling to deal with bullying


正确答案：B

第3题：

If parents bring up a child with the sole aim of turning the child into a genius, they will cause a big problem. According to several leading educational psychologists, this is one of the biggest mistakes which ambitious parents make. Generally, the child will be only too aware of what the parent expects, and will fail. Unrealistic parental expectations can cause great damage to children. However, if parents are not too unrealistic about what they expect their children to do, but are ambitious in a reasonable way, the child may succeed in doing very well—especially if the parents are very supportive of their child. Michael Lee Chao Tin is very lucky. He is crazy about music, and his parents help him a lot by taking him to concerts and arranging private piano and violin lessons for him. They even drive him 50 kilometers a week for violin lessons. Although Michael’s mother knows very little about music, Michael’s father is a good trumpet player. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling. Michael’s friend, Winston Chiu Fang Weng, however, is not so lucky. Although both his parents are successful musicians, they set too high a standard for Winston. They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him for every piano competition held. They are very unhappy when he does not win. “When I was your age, I used to win every competition I entered,” Winston’s father tells him. Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.

61.Which of the following mistakes are parents likely to make according to the passage?

A.To neglect their child’s education.

B.To help their child to be a genius.

C.To expect too much of their child.

D.To make their child become a musician.

62.What should parents do in order to help their children succeed?A.They should push the children into achieving a lot.

B.They should try to have their own successful careers.

C.They should arrange private lessons for their children.

D.They should understand and help their children in difficult times.

63.Which of the following statements about Michael Lee’s parents is true?

A.His father is a very poor player of trumpet.

B.His parents are quite rich and have a car.

C.His parents help him in a proper way.

D.His mother knows much about music.

64.Winston’s parents push their son so much that __________.

A.he has succeeded in a lot of competitions

B.he is unhappy because he is not self-confident

C.he feels he cannot learn anything about music from them

D.he has already become a better musician than his father

65.The two examples illustrate the principle that __________.

A.successful parents often have unsuccessful children

B.it is important to let children develop in the way they want

C.parents who want their child to be musical should also be good musicians

D.the more money spent on a child’s education, the better the child will do


参考答案：CDCBB

第4题：

Text 2 With so much focus on children’s use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,"and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention."Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,"says Radesky.On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids'use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it－particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
Radesky’s cites the“still face experiment”to show that_____

A.it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions
B.verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange
C.children are insensitive to changes in their parents’mood
D.parents need to respond to children's emotional needs

答案：D
解析：
根据题干关键词“still face experiment”可以定位到第三段第二、三、四句，其中第三句介绍了这个实验的过程和发现，指出母亲由正常交流变得面无表情时，孩子为吸引母亲关注变得越来越苦恼，第四句中罗德斯基点评父母应该对孩子情感需求的言语或非言语表达足够敏感并有所反应，由此可知，“静止面部实验”表明父母应该回应孩子的情感需求，正确答案为D。

第5题：

共用题干
The Differences Among Various Types of Adoption

In the US,there is a difference between public and private adoption.Public adoption typically involves taking _________ (51) foster（收养的）children and then adopting them after several months.It's significantly less expensive than private or international adoption,but more often than not_______(52)adopting children who are older than 5 or who have_______(53)needs.
Private adoptions offer a better chance of adopting newborns,and increasingly,birth parents _______(54)the adoptive parents themselves.That's not a bad idea on its face,as it gives biological parents_______ (55)say in whom they will relinquish（放弃）their children. But this effectively puts_______(56)parents in the position of advertising themselves to birth parents in newspapers and online,_______(57)many couples feel uncomfortable with.
Most states allow birth parents to reclaim their children_______(58)the children have been placed with adoptive families,for time periods ranging from a few days in some states to several months in others.Critics of international adoption say this rarely happens.They are only_______ (59)right:it's true that American birth parents don't usually reclaim their children once they've been placed with their adoptive families,but they can and do_______(60)their minds before the papers are signed.
International adoption is more expensive than any form of domestic adoption,but in many ways, it is also more straightforward.The_______(61)of a birth parent calling the adoption_______ (62)are effectively zero and while costs are high,they're also determined at the_______(63) and tend not to change as the_______(64)wears on.
Couples seeking to adopt should consider all_______(65)and get a range of perspectives before deciding which method is best for them.

_________(60)
A:make
B:put
C:change
D:set

答案：C
解析：
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词短语辫析。第一段第一句提到：在美国，公共收养和私人收养的小孩之间存在差异，下面一句是沿着这个主题的进一步说明。选项D in与take组成短语take in“收留”符合上下文的要求。因此本题的正确选项应该是D。其余选项与take组成的短语的意思是：选项A take over“接管、接受”，一般指权利的移交；选项B take back“收回”；选项C take on“呈现”。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。本空所在句句首的but表转折，说明接下来要解释其他不同的状况，所以选B means“意味着”。注意此空前面的more often than not是一个词组，表示“通常、常常”。选项A advise“建议”，公共收养有固有的规定，而不是建议；选项C admits“承认”；选项D considers“考虑”，主语一般都是人。
本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词辫析。这句话的意思是：公共收养的花费远比私人收养和国际收养的花费低，但公共收养的对象常常是5岁以上或者是有特殊需要的孩子。but的出现说明这句话内容上有要强调的部分，所以needs前选择选项B special “特别的”，符合题意。所以正确答案是选项B。不选其他选项的原因分别是：选项A precise “精确的”和选项C distinctive“独特的”一般都是表示特指；选项D occasional“偶尔的”修饰的是频率，在此不恰当。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。这句话的意思是：私人收养提供一个能够收养新生儿的机会，而且越来越多的亲生父母开始亲自为孩子选择养父母。选B的依据是下句话：从表面上来看，这种做法很不错，因为这使得亲生父母有决定孩子给谁收养的最终权利。因此，此空需要一个表达选择意思的词，所以选项B select“选择”是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A seal“密封”；选项C support“支持”；选项D delete"删除”。
本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词辫析以及短语识别。这句话的意思是：从表面上来看，这种做法很不错，因为这使得亲生父母有决定孩子给谁收养的最终权利。选C的依据是：(the) final say是固定搭配，表示“最终决定权”，所以选项C final“最终的”是正确答案。
本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词辫析。这句话的意思是：但这实际上是迫使想收养小孩的父母在报纸和网络上打广告，向孩子的亲生父母宣传自己，这会让许多夫妻感觉不舒服。此空中的形容词形容的是parents，且与后面的birth parents有联系，应该是有意愿收养的父母，所以选项B prospective“潜在的”是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项 A respective“各自的”；选项C subjective“主观的”；选项D constructive“建设性的”。
本题考查对上下文的理解和语法知识。这句话的意思是：但这实际上……感觉不舒服。因为上一个分句已经是一个完整的句子，此空选择选项C something, 指代上一个分句的内容，同时作本分句的先行词。
本题考查对上下文的理解和语义逻辑。这句话的意思是：美国大多数州都允许亲生父母在将孩子交给养父母家后的一定时间内要回自己的孩子，时间期限从一些州的几天到其他州的几个月不等。“要回孩子”是在把孩子送出去以后再去要回来，所以选择选项D after“在……之后”。所以选项D是正确答案。
本题考查对上下文的理解和副词辫析。由下一句的句子格式“it's true that...but...”可知只是部分正确而已，所以选择选项A partly“部分地”。选项B justly“恰当地” 和选项C basically“基本地”与后面的but矛盾；而选项D accidentally“偶然地”则意思不符。所以选项A是正确答案。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词短语搭配。这句话的意思是：的确，美国的亲生父母一旦将孩子交给养父母家，通常都不会要回孩子，但在签协议之前他们可以而且常常会改变主意。选C的依据是change one's mind“改变某人的主意”是固定搭配。若用make, 则应该是make up one's mind“下定决心”;put/set one's mind to是“全神贯注于……，专心于……”的意思，所以选项A、B、D均不符合题意。
本题考查对上下文的理解和名词辫析。这句话的意思是：亲生父母取消收养的可能性几乎为零。选C的依据是：此空是句子的主语，而句子的表语是zero“零”, chances有“可能性”之义，代入此处表示“可能性为零”，符合语义。所以选项C是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A hopes“希望”，选项B capabilities“能力”，选项D choices“选择”，均不符合文意。
本题考查对上下文的理解和短语辫析。各选项与call组成的短语意思分别是：call off“取消”;call on“拜访、号召”;call up“打电话、召集”;call for“需要、提倡”。联系上文的reclaim their children，这里应该是表示“取消收养”，选off。所以选项A off是正确答案。
本题考查对上下文的理解和短语固定搭配。选C的依据是：根据句末的 wears on可推断此处的时间顺序在前，at the outset“在开头时”符合语义，所以选项C是正确答案。其他选项与at the搭配的意思分别是：选项A at the corner“在拐角处”；选项B at the moment“此刻"；选项D at the time“那时候”。
本题考查对上下文的理解和形近名词辫析。本句的意思是：亲生父母取消收养的可能性几乎为零，而且由于费用高，他们在一开始便会做好决定，在收养过程中一般不会改变主意。wear on表示“继续进行下去”，所以这里选择选项C process“过程”。不选择其他选项的原因分别是：选项A procedure指的是具体程序和步骤，与语义不符；选项B profile “外形，侧面”；选项D project“项目”。
本题考查对上下文的理解和名词辫析。选择B的依据是：对应后半句的 which method，可知寻求收养的父母是有多种方法可以选择的，所以选B options“选择”。situation“情况、事态”与后面的method并不对应；schedule“工作的安排、计划”; proposal比较正式的“建议，提案”。

第6题：

The best title for the passage would probably be _____.

[A] Positive and Negative Aspects of Advertising

[B] Benefits Brought by Advertising and Its Persuasive Function

[C] Advertising The Best Persuasive and Information Medium

[D] Advertising the Most Effective Way to Promote Products


正确答案：B
55. [B]意为：广告带来的好处和它的促销作用。
本题问：本文最好的标题是什么？本文第一段谈到做广告的社会效益。第 2、3段讲广告使物有所值，因而贡献巨大。最后两段论述广告的促销作用。故应选 B. D具有片面性，不能入选。

第7题：

__________ Chinese parents, western parents are also concerned about children′ s health.

A.As to
B.In common with
C.Contrary to
D.But for

答案：B
解析：
考查介词短语辨析。as to“至于，关于；就……而论”，in common with“与……一样”，contrary to“与……相反，违反”，but for“要不是，如果没有”。句意为“与中国的父母一样，西方的父母也很关心孩子们的健康”。故选B。

第8题：

25． Which of the following is the writer's opinion?

A． Parents should choose friends for their children．

B． Children should choose everything they like．

C． Parents should understand their children better．

D． Children should only go to their friends for help．


正确答案：C
25.C【解析】作者的写作目的就在于让父母更理解孩子，像朋友一样关心孩子的成长’，故应选C．

第9题：

Text 2 With so much focus on children’s use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,"and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention."Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,"says Radesky.On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids'use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it－particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_____

A.protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies
B.teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year
C.ensure constant interaction with their children
D.remain concerned about kid's use of screens

答案：C
解析：
根据题干关键词oppressive ideology和requires parents可以定位到第四段第一句。定位句指出，特罗尼克本人对儿童使用电子设备的担忧源自于一种“要求父母应该随时与其子女互动的压制性意思形态”：“这是基于一个从某种程度上带有想象的，极其苍白的和中上层社会阶级的意识形态，这种意识形态认为如果你不能让自己的孩子接触到30000个词汇，那你就是忽视了他们。”由此可知，他提到的这种意识形态要求父母保持与孩子之间的经常性互动，故正确答案为C。

第10题：

Text 2 With so much focus on children’s use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,"and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention."Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,"says Radesky.On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids'use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it－particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’use of devices____

A.takes away babies’appetite
B.distracts children’s attention
C.slows down babies’verbal development
D.reduces mother-child communication

答案：D
解析：
根据题干关键词food-testing exercise可以定位到第二段第一、二句。定位句说明，罗德斯基通过食物测试活动来研究就餐时间使用移动电话和平板的影响，结果发现在活动中使用这些设备的母亲与孩子之间的言语交流减少了20%，非言语交流减少了39%，由此可知，母亲使用电子设备会减少亲子间的交流，故正确答案为D。

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