问题:问答题What role does TV play in people’s life?电视机在人们的生活中起着什么作用?
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问题:问答题Where do you usually go on holidays?
问题:问答题Practice 5 You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: It has been suggested that everyone in the world want to own a car, a TV and a fridge. Do you think disadvantages of such a development outweigh the advantages? You should write at least 250 words.
问题:问答题【参考范例八】Jobs What’s your job?
问题:问答题Practice 6 You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: News media is more influential nowadays. Some people think it is a negative development. To what extent do you agree or disagree? You should write at least 250 words.
问题:问答题What will be your ideal job?
问题:问答题Passage 3Tidal Power on the Cheap? A The startup, located on the Orkney Islands, way north of Scotland, has raised £6.2 million to build a working prototype of a floating tidal turbine that it says will be cheaper to install and maintain than others being tested now. The 8-meter-long prototype, ideally, will go into the water at the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) Tidal Test Site that sits just down the road from ScotRenewables in 2010. Commercial versions of the turbine will measure up to 40 meters long and weigh 250 tons, but generate 1.2 megawatts of power. B “That’s quite impressive when you compare it to others,” said CEO Barry Johnston. “We want to be competitive with offshore wind.” Rather than anchor a permanent turbine on the ocean floor, ScotRenewables will build a floating turbine that is slack moored with chains to an anchor on the sea floor. The body of the turbine-a long 40-meter tube of metal with a point at the end-will face directly into the tide. Below, two turbines attached to fins will convert the power of the tides into electricity. Johnston explained “A 1-meter prototype ScotRenewables is experimenting with in the wave tank is built. It looks like a model rocket with two fins with propellers attached to the ends of the fins.” C Tidal is the potentially most predictable, reliable form of renewable energy. With a tide table and computer, ScotRenewables can calculate the power output of a turbine decades in advance. You can’t do that with intermittent, variable sources like wind, solar or wave. Unfortunately, harnessing tidal power is quite difficult. Some of the prototypes that have been tested in the decades are quickly destroyed by rushing tides. Pulling those turbines up from the sea bed and taking them into the shop consumes time and money. Taking the ScotRenewables turbine in for repairs should be easy: maintenance workers would just have to take a boat out, unhook it, and put another in its place while the first is being entangled. D Tidal power is also 50 percent stronger at the surface than at the seabed so these turbines should be capable of generating more power. Other companies have tried to create surface tidal turbines before. The difficulty has been keeping the turbine pointed in the direction of the tide. Some get washed away. Other times, the creators build large superstructures around the turbine, which costs money. ScotRenewables says it will come up with control mechanisms and advanced hydrodynamics (i.e., aerodynamics in water) to keep the turbines pointed in the right direction. E Scotland is betting heavily on wind and wave power. The notoriously harsh waves and currents of the Pentland Firth, a channel which separates the main body of the U.K. with the Orkneys that is often referred to as the Saudi Arabia of Marine Energy by locals. By 2020, Scotland wants to get half of its power from renewable sources, including large hydroelectric dams. Hydroelectric constitutes about 11 percent of the country’s power now and 9 percent comes from wind and other renewables. A large portion of the new renewable sources of power will come from wind, tidal and wave. Marine energy could provide up to 35 terawatt hours of power to the U.K. by 2020 and 84 terawatt hours of power by 2050, according to Edwina Cook, business development officer at EMEC. The U.K. in 2004 consumed 340 terawatt hours of power. The EMEC has created tidal and wave testing centers for companies to build and validate prototypes. (The Pelamis-that sea snake looking wave power device-was tested at EMEC before commercial rollouts in Portugal.) The government has also passed exceptionally large credits for power providers that put tidal and wave power on the grid. (Prototypes participating in the EMEC test beds are actually connected to the grid and selling small amounts of power.) The hope is that the programme will create jobs, exports and green energy. Offshore, the Dublin based open Hydro Power is already testing a large tidal device that looks like a big rotating fan. F Talking about the prototype and commercial power production, however, is easier said than done. ScotRenewables did not like the software simulation tools it found when it first set out. Some software focused on tidal changes; others focused on waves. To build an effective surface tidal turbine, Johnston realized that both tidal and wave power should be taken into account. Thus, it had to build its own tools, which cost several thousands. It also built its own wave tank. It was easier than trying to book time at an EMEC wave tank. The company now hopes to lease time on the tank to other wave companies to generate revenue. And, because ships to deploy tidal and wave devices are in short supply, it is contemplating buying or building its own multi-purpose vessel. Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet. 1. New plan has been made to involve a new factor besides tidal. 2. Damages have happened to the models in the past years. 3. A detailed structure of a model is demonstrated. 4. The immature model is expected to apply at the beginning of the twenty first century after further development.
问题:问答题Why do kids today have to attend ‘interest classes?
问题:问答题Practice 8 You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: Some people think people have benefited from modern communications technology, but other people think some people have not benefited at all. To what extent do you agree or disagree? You should write at least 250 words.
问题:问答题Passage 2The Ant Society Described as a “six-legged lliad”, Wilson’s Anthill draws parallels between human and ant societies. Though there are no ant symphony orchestras, secret police, or schools of philosophy, both ants and men conduct wars, divide into specialized castes of workers, build cities, maintain infant nurseries and cemeteries, take slaves, practice agriculture, and indulge in occasional cannibalism, though ant societies are more energetic, altruistic, and efficient than human ones. (The New York Review of Books) A “Go to the ant, thou sluggard” says the Bible. “Consider her ways, and be wise.” The book of Proverbs, chapter six, says that the industrious legions of ants, which have now colonized every continent on earth, except Antarctica, have “no guide, overseer, or ruler”. B In fact, the good book got ants all wrong. Ant societies are rigidly stratified and usually ruled by queens. The little creatures are constantly guided by their scent trails and other chemical signals, not to mention their genes. Nobody has done more to reveal the true nature of the “super organisms” that ant societies comprise than Edward Wilson, a Harvard biologist, campaigning green, two-time Pulitzer prize-winning author, pioneer of sociobiology, and now, at the age of 80, also a debut novelist. C One part of Anthill, by the world’s leading myrmecologist, demonstrates that in Mr. Wilson ants have found not only their Darwin but also their Homer. Midway through the novel, and comprising a fifth of the whole, is a self-contained novella, “The Anthill Chronicles”, which purports to be an undergraduate biology thesis by the protagonist of Anthill, about the rise and fall of four ant colonies in a tract of forest in southern Alabama. Happily for the reader, these chronicles bear no resemblance to student reports, though most of the details of life among the six-legged will be familiar to fans of Mr. Wilson’s entomological writings. The “thesis”, we are told, has been lightly edited by two professors to present the story “as near as possible to the way ants see such events themselves”. D The success of this novella-within-a-novel derives from the fact that Mr. Wilson has no need to resort to the Hollywood method of anthropomorphizing his ants, as two popular animated features-Antz and A Bug’s Life—did in 1998. There are no individual perspectives in The Anthill Chronicles: no lovers, no personalities, no neuroses, and no selves. The only heroes are the ant colonies themselves, and they are as engaging and at least as memorable as most two legged Hollywood creations. E Mr. Wilson’s mini-epic begins with the demise of the queen of the Trailhead Colony, whose death is not at first noticed by her daughter-followers. While her body rots encased in its external skeleton, her lingering scent misleadingly tells the colony that all is still well. F The neighboring Streamside Colony wipes out the Trailheaders, and then it self falls victim to a “super colony”, comprising millions of workers and thousands of queens, which rose to power thanks to a single-gene mutation that weakens their sensitivity to queen-odors, and thus permits them to tolerate multiple simultaneous queens. Growing out of control, the super colony in effect eats up its own territory and is exterminated by “the moving tree trunks, the ant gods”—i.e., humans spraying insecticide. This leaves room for the tiny Woodland Colony to expand its territory and thrive, and so the epic struggle continues, as it has for thousands of years. G The tale within a tale is an astonishing literary achievement; nobody but Mr. Wilson could have written it, and those who read it will tread lightly in the forest, at least for a while. Yet Mr. Wilson wants his audience to do more than that. The novel as a whole is mainly about people, and an author’s prologue—echoing the theme of some of Mr. Wilson’s earlier work—warns of further disaster if this wayward species does not start to take better care of its biosphere, the planet. H The hero of Anthill is Raft Cody, an Alabaman youngster who follows up his biology studies with a stint at Harvard law school, with the express purpose of returning equipped to save his beloved patch of forest from rapacious property developers. This character owes something to Mr. Wilson’s own background, and so does the story’s narrator, Raff’s biology professor. It’s one of the few defects in the novel that Mr. Wilson hasn’t quite decided which of the pair is him. I Raft’s early adventures in the swamps owe something to Huck Finn’s; and the novel’s denouement, with a monstrously eccentric woodsman and some implausible Fundamentalist villains, recalls the Florida black comedies of Carl Hiaasen, only without the laughs. One can’t help rooting for the ants. Thanks to the depth of Mr. Wilson’s understanding of them, his evocation of their ways is a more powerful tool for raising ecological awareness than any Disneyfication is likely to be. This passage has nine paragraphs, A-I. Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 1. fierce struggle of the ant world 2. comparison of the book with biology paper 3. the real theme of the novel 4. the hierarchical system of the ant society 5. the weakness that existed in the book 6. particular feature of Anthill in contrasted with Hollywood products
问题:问答题Passage 2 A A new type of tourism, coined “ecotourism”, has recently emerged and is quickly gaining in popularity as a leisure activity. Ecotourism, a type of “getting-back-to-nature” excursion, brings people into environmentally sensitive areas to view exotic and, more often, endangered plants and animals. Proponents of this type of travel such as John Whiteman, a partner in a tourism and community development consulting firm, and Stefan Gossling from the Human Ecology Division of Lund University, view ecotourism as not only beneficial but essential to both the environment and economies of these often-depressed regions. Through such an ecological experience the traveler is supposedly changed or “spiritually renewed”, and gains a new-found respect and sensitivity for nature. This, in turn, is expected to promote more environmentally responsible decisions in daily life. Whiteman states, “While there, tourists enjoy a sense of spiritual renewal. And they leave behind an intact ecosystem and increased wealth for the local community”. Furthermore, the governments and citizens of the areas in question are, presumably, encouraged to take steps to preserve these tourist sights in order to continue to reap the benefits of the tourist dollar. B Unfortunately, when popular sites of ecotourism such as Uganda and the Galapagos Islands are carefully examined, it becomes apparent that ecotourism does not provide the benefits so readily claimed by its proponents. The economies of these regions see little benefit. The local people remain impoverished, and offer no protection to the environment: in fact, they are often angered enough to lash out against these fragile ecosystems. The environment is harmed directly by the physical presence of tourists; it is simply not possible to bring people into an area where few humans would otherwise exist without altering or harming the very environment which we seek to preserve. From ostensibly small effects such as crushing plant life underfoot and soil erosion, to larger effects such as altered animal behavior, it is highly probable that the ecological footprint left by tourists will not go unnoticed. As Heather Lindsay observes in Ecotourism: The Promise and Perils of Environmentally-Oriented Travel, “even harmless-sounding activity like a nature hike can be destructive, as hikers can contribute to soil erosion and damage plant roots”. Upon examination, the ecological dangers of ecotourism are readily apparent. C In both Uganda’s Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP) and the Galapagos Islands, altered animal behavior is a significant concern. Studies have shown that, when in the presence of tourists, animals abandon their nesting and feeding sites. Perhaps worse, when animals become accustomed to the presence of tourists, they lose the instinct to flee thus leaving them vulnerable to poachers. In BINP, habituation of the gorillas is fundamental to ecotourism so that they may be safely observed by tourists. Unfortunately, this purposeful habituation may have led to the gorillas losing the instinct to flee from poachers or soldiers. In looking at this problem, Hamilton tells us that “initial indications are not encouraging”. What then, will become of these animals if they lose the instinct to flee from danger in their environment? Surely the outlook is not promising. Losing their survival skills places these animals at risk for extinction. D In the Galapagos, habituation of the wildlife is not intended; however, it has been noted that, “Scientists began noticing behavioral changes in the animals such as iguanas waiting for tourists to give them bananas”. It has also been observed that the normally docile male sea lions of the Galapagos have recently become more aggressive. In her work, Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise? Martha Honey states that, at present, it is unclear if this aggression can be attributed to an increase in tourism or an increase in sea lion population. Some scientists believe that the impact of tourism on other mammals and birds is minimal but that the system is becoming weak in particular areas. It is important to note that a particular area of the Galapagos is now closed because turtle nests and vegetation were so badly trampled by tourists that these species were threatened with imminent extinction. E Beyond the issues of altered animal behavior and trampled vegetation is the problem of newly introduced organisms to these visited ecosystems. When tourists arrive, they present the threat that they carry with them, on their person or in their mode of transportation, bacteria, disease, animals and insects foreign to the environment. This is one of the biggest issues the Galapagos Islands are currently facing. Honey states, “At the top of the agenda of many scientists and park officials is tracking and eliminating the introduced species plants, animals, insects, fungi, bacteria that are brought in by boat or plane by tourists, new immigrants, and illegal fishing operations”. The problem with this is that many of these foreign organisms are capable of “out-competing” the unique indigenous species of the Galapagos. Since the native species of the Galapagos evolved without the threat of such organisms, they may be driven to extinction, leaving the ecosystem irreparably changed. For example, black rats introduced to Pinzon Island kill tortoises as they hatch. Pigs on Santiago Island eat the eggs of sea turtles, thereby reducing their survival rate from eighty percent to a mere three percent while introduced aphids are killing native plants. In a related article by Martha Honey and Ann Littlejohn, Paying “the Price of Ecotourism, Tom Fritts, a biologist with the National Biological Survey, calls this “a critical time” for the ecosystems of the Galapagos Islands, and speaks of its current state as being pushed “towards the brink of disaster”. The stakes are high. Ecosystems are forever changed by the consequences of tourism. Fritts tells us that we are dangerously near the “precipice of irretrievable damage”. Simply, certain damages cannot be undone. There is no remedy for extinction. F Adams and Whiteman argue that the revenue from ecotourism is no less than essential to the survival of these protected areas since money is needed for maintenance and protection and to encourage locals and their governments to take an interest in conservation. However, economic benefits for local communities are not what they should be, and this often fosters a sense of ill will, encouraging such things as poaching and violent acts against the ecosystem. Moreover, it seems to be a paradoxical issue, because if the environment is destroyed, what has been accomplished by ecotourism? Guidelines for successful ecotourism are offered by many proponents and critics alike, yet these guidelines lack a reasonable ecological position when applied to such sensitive areas as the Galapagos and the BINP. There is no compromise possible where such fragile environments and unique species are concerned. Guidelines cannot render our presence harmless nor can they let us off the hook for the ensuing damage. Look at the following statements (Questions 1-8) and the list of people below. Match each statement with the correct people, A-F. Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 1. The native plants are confronting threats from foreign organisms resulting from ecotourism. 2. The states should play a role in keeping the sights so as to satisfy the demand of ecotourism. 3. It is easy to find that ecotourism is harmful for the soil and plants. 4. Sufficient funds are necessary to stimulate local government to conserve ecotourism sight. 5. The initial problem for some scientists is to remove introduced species brought by alien visitors. 6. Animals are deprived of their nature. 7. It is lack of evidence to prove that tourism improvement brings about changes of animals temper. 8. We are about to be in a danger of damage from ecotourism. A. Heather Lindsay B. Hamilton C. Tom Fritts D. Adams and Whiteman E. John Whiteman F. Martha Honey
问题:问答题Practice 1Write a letter to a friend who has invited you to stay with them in their country.In your letter· thank your friend for their invitation· say when you are likely to visit· say what you would like to do during your visitWrite at least 150 words.You do NOT need to write any addresses. Begin your letter as follows:Dear...
问题:问答题Do you think it is a serious problem? 你认为这是一个严重的问题吗?
问题:问答题Practice 4 You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: In the past, people used to travel to see the differences from their home country. However, the sceneries in places around the world seem similar nowadays. What are the causes of these similarities? Do you think that the advantages of this similarity outweigh the disadvantages? You should write at least 250 words.
问题:问答题How do you get information about fashion?
问题:问答题What family activities are popular in your city?
问题:问答题At what ages can people legally smoke, buy alcohol, and get married?
问题:问答题Passage 1Fanwall Noise BarrierNoise generated by traffic on arterial roads and freeways is an increasing problem in Australia and there is growing concern among highways authorities in Australia about the limitations of some types of noise barriers which have been installed in this country. The Roads and Traffic Authority (RTA) in Sydney faced a problem when it decided to proceed with the link between Concord Road at Rhodes and the F4 Freeway at Homebush (Country Road 5030) as the new arterial would deliver heavy traffic right past the backyards of suburban homes. This was because the RTA had purchased and removed a number of houses to allow the new corridor to be built, exposing to road traffic noises houses which were once located in a quiet back street. Initially, the RTA had proposed to erect a new timber fence, replacing the existing suburban fences, to act as a noise barrier. Timber noise barriers were used quite extensively on the recently constructed F3 Freeway link from Pearce’s Comer to Berowra. However, RTA engineers have become more acutely aware of noise and the problems which arise if ineffective noise barriers are installed. They also appreciate the benefits of early consultations with the affected residents and local councils. Residents of the area were fully briefed on the appearances, the performance and the benefits of various types of noise barriers. The majority opted for the Fanwall barrier, which also provides security advantages to the householders. The Fanwall barrier to be installed at Rhodes is the first to be erected in Australia. Fanwall barriers have been used in the United States and have been very effective at noise attenuation with up to 10 dB reduction in noise level reached at L.A. International Airport. Similar success has been achieved in various highway projects right across the USA. In the USA, concrete has proved to be the most popular material for constructing noise barrier walls. As is happening in Australia, early barrier designs opted for low timber barriers selected largely on the basis of cost. However, low barriers are not effective and high timber barriers have become much more expensive. In addition to this poor durability of timber fences, the combination of initial capital cost, maintenance costs and replacement cost quickly makes timber barriers very expensive. The advantages of concrete include low capital cost and durability. Furthermore, concrete barriers can be engineered for a variety of site condition and architectural finishes can be applied to enhance aesthetics. Fanwall is a two-component, modular, free-standing pre-cast concrete noise barrier which can be cheaply and quickly erected on a variety of foundation conditions. The wall is engineered to be stable under design wind load conditions while maintaining relatively low bearing pressures on the foundation soils. Therefore, like the timber barriers, the Fanwall barrier can be built without expensive concrete footings or piles, speeding the construction time up and reducing costs. Furthermore, Fanwall is maintenance free and it is not susceptible to damage by fire and vandalism. Because the Fanwall barriers are engineered into a modular form, construction is easily staged. At Rhodes, the Fanwall noise barrier will be built in three stages commencing in mid August. Staging will enable further consultation with local residents and allow access to be maintained across the site via local roads. However, most importantly, the greater proportion of the barrier will be in place prior to the road corridor being constructed, reducing the effect of construction noise. In the passage, the writer describes a planning process, problems and issues which arise, and the steps taken to deal with them. From the list of situations and possible actions below (A-I), select the steps taken to deal with the problems and issues, as outlined in the reading passage. Write the appropriate letter (A-I) in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet. 1. Problem 1 2. Cause of problem 1 3. Proposed solution to problem 1 4. Objection-potential problem 2 5. Procedure 6. The final solution to problem 1Situations and Possible ActionsA. RTA purchase of housesB. Concern about the effectiveness of some noise barriersC. Suburban houses to be exposed to heavy traffic noiseD. Erect a Fanwall noise barrierE. Construction of a new freeway linkF. Concern about purchase of houses by the RTAG. Consult with local residentsH. Erect a large timber noise barrierI. Change the route of the new freeway
问题:单选题Courses that are more practical ______.A can require specialized equipment.B are usually cheaper.C cost A$500-A$1,000 a year.D are usually more difficult.