2009年12月大学英语四六级考试语法精要(七)

If I () in the twenty-first century, I () my vacation in a very different way.

A.should live…would spend

B.will live ….should spend

C.are living … should have spent

D.will be living…would have spent


参考答案:A


Excuse me, sir. I've lost my watch. Do you have ___ time?

A.the

B.a

C.an

D.bland


参考答案:A


I must say that I have never heard, from any Western pacifist, an honest answer to this question, though I have heard plenty of evasions, usually of the “you’re another” type.


正确答案:

 本题考核知识点:插入语、后置定语的翻译

该句的主干是I must say,后面是that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句是一个主从复合句。主句是I have never heard an honest answer,其谓语和宾语之间插入了一个状语成分,翻译时可放在句首或谓语之前,译为“从任何一个西方和平主义者那里我从未听说过”或“我从未从任何一个西方和平主义者那里听说过”。though引导转折状语从句,其中介词短语of...做后置定语,修饰宾语evasions,可译为前置定语,也可另起一句。

词汇:evasion意为“躲避,逃避;借口,托词”,根据上下文可活译为“躲闪之词”、“逃避的说法”等。

翻译:我必须说,我从未从任何一个西方和平主义者那里听到过对该问题的诚实的答复,但是却听大了大量的躲闪之词,通常都是“你是另外一回事”之类的回答。


Where is my pen? I ______ it.

A. might lose

B. would have lost

C. should have lost

D. must have lost


正确答案:D
must have done表示对过去情况的肯定判断。


I hope to part in the charity walk held next month ____it's a good way to help others as well as exercising

A.Better

B I can't agree more

C.My pleasure

D.Never mind


参考答案:B


1) 当表示否定或基本否定的词或词组位于句首作状语时用倒装。这类词或词组常用的有:never, nowhere, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, not until, not only, by no means, in no time, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way, in no case, at no time, on no account等。Never have I heard it before.Nowhere can I find my lost watch.Under no circumstance should a student cheat in the exam.Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.Note: 当 “no sooner … than”和“hardly/scarcely … when/before”位于句首时用倒装。该结构表示“一…就…”,在时态上主句一般用过去完成时,when或than引导的从句用一般过去时。Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when/before the bell rang.No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.2) 当here, there, then, thus, only, hence, little等副词位于句首,句中主、谓用倒装。Here is the book for you.There goes the bell.Then came the order to take off.So cold was it at night that I could hardly fall asleep.Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.4) 分句以so, neither, nor, no more等副词位于句首,表明前面句子中所说明的情况也使用于后面的句子时用倒装。Copper is a good conductor. So are many other metals.He didn’t see the film last night, neither did she.2. 强调句型这里讲的强调句主要是以it为引导词的分裂句。其构成形式为:It is (was) +被强调部分+ that(who, which) + 句子的其他部分。被强调的部分通常为主语、宾语和状语。It is only when one is ill that one realizes the value of health.It is what you will do that is essential.Note:在被强调部分的后面,一般用that引出句子的其他部分。但是如果强调的部分是表示人的名词,那么也可用who;如果是指物的名词也可用which。It was Jane that/who lent me the money.It was this novel that/which they talked about last night.如果强调的是原因状语从句,只能用because引导,不能由since, as或why引导。It was because(不用since或as) he had never had the opportunity that John hadn’t learned to drive.有三类句子成分不可以进行强调,即表语、谓语动词和由though, although, whereas等引导的从句。It is whereas he prefers pop song that I like classical music. (误)I like classical music whereas he prefers pop songs. (正)3. 使役动词后的宾语补足语使役动词除了要有宾语之外还要加上宾语补足语才能使句子的意义完整。常用的使役动词有:have, want, make, get, leave, set, let等。可以担当使役动词宾语补足语的有名词,形容词,介词短语,动词不定式和分词等。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.A good night’s rest will set you right.Note:动词不定式可以担当使役动词的宾语补足语,但在make, let, have等使役动词后,动词不定式作宾语补足语时不用to。He made her give up the opportunity.What would you have me do?Her pride would not let her do this.分词也可以担当使役动词的宾语补足语。现在分词表示正在进行的主动意义,而过去分词表示已经完成的被动意义。Her remark left me wondering what he was driving at.The joke set them all laughing.He managed to get the job done on time.4. 平行结构在英语中,当两个或两个以上的同等成分(主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补足语等)并列时,要求它们的词性或结构相同,即名词对名词,介词短语对介词短语,分词对分词,句子对句子等等。这就是英语的平行结构准则。一般在使用并列连词如and, but, or, neither … nor, either … or, not only .. but also, both … and, more(less) … than, as well as,rather… than等时,要注意不要违反平行结构准则。He likes watching TV more than reading books.The soldier preferred to die rather than surrender.We saw Tom walking towards the river, taking off his clothes and plunging into the water.Censorship prevents a movie from being shown or a book being sold.5. 反意疑问句在具体运用反意疑问句时应注意以下几点:1) 如果陈述句部分是一个含有宾语从句的复杂句,则反意疑问部分的谓语动词和主语代词要与主句的谓语动词和主语相对应。He never said she would come, did he?You told me I had passed the exam, didn’t you?I suppose you are not serious, are you?She imagines that people like her, don’t they?I don’t believe she knows it, does she? (因don’t的否定意义后移而不用doesn’t)I didn’t expect she would come, would she? (因didn’t的否定意义后移而不用wouldn’t)2) 如果陈述句部分是祈使句,则反意疑问部分一般用“will you”。在否定祈使句后还是用“will you”。Read the text, will you?Don’t be late, will you?如果陈述句部分是以Let’s开头的祈使句,则反意疑问部分一般用“shall we”;如果是以Let us开头的祈使句,则反意疑问部分一般用“will you”。Let’s have a party tonight, shall we?Let us go home, will you?3) 如果陈述句部分带有never, nothing, nowhere, hardly, scarcely, seldom, rarely, barely, little, few等否定词或半否定词,反意疑问部分的动词要用肯定式。You can hardly believe this, can you?He has few good reasons for staying, has he?

A: Have you seen my camera? I can't find it.

B: Just now I have seen it. You_____ have put it in the bag.

A. must

B. would

C. should


参考答案:A


I ()have been here, but I()not find the time.

A. could; could

B. might; could

C. should; could

D. should; would


参考答案:C


—Ok, I'll drink my last can of beer when I drive home. — ()

A、Have fun.

B、I'll drink too.

C、No way. You'll be stopped by the police.


参考答案:C


How I wish I________(can) make up for the lost time.


参考答案:could


Here is my MP3 player! It’s strange.I don’t remember leaving it here, but I ( )supposed so.

A、should have done

B、need have done

C、must have done

D、can do


参考答案:C

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