说明：请根据第二语言教学的理论和实践加以简述。外国学生常说“我明

(1)首先，要注意控制音量和语调，不要一直用一种声调进行授课。在讲授重点知识时声音要适当放大．以使学生感知到这一部分知识是重点。从而集中注意力。 其次，可以在学生疲倦的时候安排游戏环节。学生由于年龄小，对游戏都比较感兴趣，所以设置适当的游戏会吸引学生的注意力，调动学生参与课堂的积极性。
最后，如果教师在课堂上发现某名同学注意力不集中，可以适当地让该名学生回答问题，学生起立回答完问题之后注意力也会有很大提升。
总之，教师在教学的过程当中要时刻注意观察学生的注意力和课堂参与度，调动学生的积极性，引导他们
认真学习知识。
(2) Teaching Aims
Knowledge aim: Students can understand the meaning of the words: living room, bedroom, study, kitchen,bathroom.
Ability aim: Students can introduce their houses to others, and their ability of speaking and listening can beimproved.
Emotional aim: Students can feel the warmth of family and get to love their family members and homes morethan before.
(3)导入和操练环节
Lead in(导入环节)：
Greet with the students and ask them to show their houses' pictures to all of us, ask them some questions aboutthe pictures, like: What's this Ask about some things which they have learned before, like the colors, and the namesof the tables, the TVs, the sofas and so on. And ask some of them to introduce their houses to all of us. Then circlethe living room and some other rooms and tell them: today, let's learn how to say these rooms in our class.
【设计意图】
在导入环节，让学生通过描述自己家的图片，激发他们的学习兴趣，同时更加便于他们明确本课的教学内容和教学目标。
Practice(操练环节)：
Activity one: Prepare some cards with the words and give the cards to the first students in a row. After telling thewords in a loud voice, pass it quickly to the next one, and then change the cards until all of them read all the cards.
Activity two: "Simon says" game. Teacher says sentences, students do the action.
Teacher says: Go to the living room. Students do the action of watching TV.
Teacher says: Go to the study. Students do the action of reading a book.
Teacher says: Go to the kitchen. Students do the action of having a snack.
Teacher says: Go to the bedroom. Students do the action of taking a nap.
Teacher says: Go to the bathroom. Students do the action of taking a shower.
【设计意图】
巩固操练环节安排了两个活动，可以更好地帮助学生巩固本课所学的单词。

(1)①英语游戏教学符合小学生的心理特点，寓教于乐，可以激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣。 ②英语游戏教学有利于充分调动学生学习的积极性与主动性，激发学生的思维和创造力，提高学生的语言运用能力。
③英语游戏教学有利于活跃课堂气氛，让学生在轻松愉快的环境中学习外语，提高课堂教学效果。
④英语游戏教学将枯燥的语言现象转变为学生乐于接受的游戏形式，化难为易，从而减轻学生的负担，符合素质教育的要求。
⑤英语游戏教学有利于增长学生的知识，发展学生的智力，培养学生的合作与竞争意识。
(2)知识与技能目标：学生能听懂、会说新单词head，ear，eye，nose，face，mouth；能听懂、会说指令“Touch your…”
过程与方法目标：学生在学与做的过程中，能够借助图片、肢体语言轻松理解语义和进行信息交换。
情感态度与价值观目标：学生能在学习五官单词的过程中，体验英语学习的快乐，提高学习英语的兴趣；通过小组竞赛的活动，学生可以提高自己的合作与竞争意识。
(3)导入环节：
拼图游戏：
教师把全班同学分成六个小组，给每个小组提供四种不同动物(熊、大象、小猫、小狗)的头像(头像缺少五官)，让学生把不同动物的五官贴在正确的位置上，看看哪个小组完成得最快。
(设计理由：通过“五官拼图游戏”导入，有利于提高学生对本节课的兴趣，调动学生参与课堂的积极性，自然而然地导入对五官单词的学习。通过小组竞赛的形式进行游戏活动，也可以培养学生的合作与竞争意识。)
操练环节：
①Simon Says
教师发出指令，学生根据指令做出相应动作。做错动作的学生将被淘汰，最后一个人为获胜者。
例如：
T：“Simon says touch your nose．”
(设计理由：在练习所学单词的同时，锻炼学生们的动手协调、反应能力。)
②Relay Race
教师把学生分成两组，让大家排队站好，队首的同学发号指令，说“Touch your…”，第二个同学正确做完动作后，同样对第三个同学发出指令“Touch your…”。此时原来队首的同学跑到队尾，按照这种方式依次进行。最后，原来在队首的同学再次到达队首时就算完成任务，哪组最快又最准确地完成就算胜利。
(设计理由：以小组合作的方式进行“接力赛”游戏活动，让学生开口说所学的句型和单词，动手做相应动作，锻炼学生的听、说与做的能力，培养学生的合作与竞争意识。)

(1)课堂操练是学生在理解新语言的语义、语境、语用形态之后，在教师指导下进行简单的运用训练。为了避免形式枯燥，教师也可借助一些实物、卡片、图片等创设情景，让学生在教师提供的真实情景下，运用新学到的单词、句子等进行简单交际。教师也可以设计一些游戏或其他有趣的教学活动，激发他们的学习兴趣，活动的设计要有目的性、灵活性、挑战性、全面性和参与性。
(2)Present.ion
①The teacher shows students pictures about dog and ball.
(Teacher points the first picture)T：Where is the ball?
(Students may answer in Chinese)Ss：在狗的前面。
T：Yes，we can say the ball is“in front of”the dog.“In front of”means“在……前面”.You can also say the blackboard is in front of you，the desk is in front of you.Can anyone give me an example?
S1：Li Ming is in front ofme.
S2：The tree is in front of our classroom.
T：Great.So when I ask you where the ball is，you can answer“It’s in front of the dog”.(引入句型的讲授)Where is the blackboard?
S3：It’s in front of me.
T：Where is the tree?
S4：It’s in front of the classroom.
T：Yes，you all did a good job.
Then the teacher uses the same way to teach the other words between，behind，and above.
②Listen to the radio
The teacher lets the students listen the radio and read after it.
③Read after teacher
The teacher asks students to read the new words，then lets them read after him/her.
(设计意图：引导学生学习新的方位介词，并利用教材内容练习学生的听、说能力。)
(3)Practice
①Listen and do
One student gives guidance by using the new words;the other students do as the student
commands.
Teacher gives timely and specific feedback to students.
②Find and say
Teacher asks students to look at the picture and work in paim.
One student asks the other where the tree/house/chicken is.The student should give the right answers and ask a similar question according to the picture.
While students are doing the activity，the teacher should walk around the classroom and listen to what the students are sayin9.Ⅱsome students are not doing the right task.the teacher should rectify.If some students find it difficult to do the activity，the teacher can give hints.
(设计意图：通过练习，学生能够加深对方位介词的印象并且熟练使用方位介词。同时，学生能够使用方位介词进行简单的对话。)

（1）教师在帮助学生学习单词的时候要讲究词汇呈现策略: ①采用实物、图片、简笔画、模拟动作表演、手势等方式呈现词汇，避免翻译;
②提供上下文的情景或定义，即从语境中学习词汇;
③用同义词或反义词解释新词;
④利用词根、词干、前缀、后缀、转化、合成等学习记忆扩充新
单词;
⑤在语词组块中教学英语单词。
教师还要注意提供好的办法帮助学生记忆单词:
①分散记忆比集中记忆更有效。教师可以将一列单词分做六次记忆，每次十分钟，其记忆效果将比一次学习六十分钟更佳;
②在学习过程中，学生越是活跃越是有效。即学习者有必要行动起来。教师可引导学生参与“全身反应法”的课堂活动会有助于词汇的学习和记忆;
③学生的需求和兴趣在单词的学习和记忆中起十分重要的作用。教师要尽量创设学生感兴趣的场景。
（2）教学目标:
①知识目标
a.学生能够认读、听懂与图形相关的五个词汇: circle,square,triangle，star, rectangle
b.学生能够使用“I have ..”.的句型来描述本课所呈现的图形。
②能力目标
学生能够在单词以及句型学习的过程中，提高自身的听说技能。
③情感目标
创设竞赛场景，培养学生的合作意识及竞争意识，同时加深对图形的理解。
（3）教学环节
①导入
Free-talk
教师询问学生“What can you do”，“Can you draw pic-tures”“Do you want to draw some shapes”来弓|到学生
回答自己喜欢做的事情并引出本课的主题。
[设计意图 ]通过Free-talk激发学生的学习兴趣， 同时为接下来要学习的内容做铺垫。
②新授
a.教师创设“识图大赛”的游戏，分别呈现“circle， square,triangle, star,e rectangle ”这五个单词的图片。
b.教师任意呈现-个“star” 的图片，教师自己说“小have a star”并引导学生复述;教师再任意呈现其他图形，引导学生用“I have.."句型进行回答，回答过程中可领读并纠正学生单词
的发音。
c.学生听录音并跟读，进一步完成“Look and learn” 的任务。
[设计意图]教师选取图形的图片，为学生提供熟悉的材料，激发了学生学习兴趣。同时教师创设‘ ‘识图比赛”的情境并借助图片，有助于学生更好的理解单词及句型;听录音以及纠正发音等方式训练了学生的语音语调，很好地完成了讲授单词及句型的任务。

(1)激发小学生写作兴趣的措施 ①开展丰富多彩的实践性活动，以生动活泼的形式去激发学生的写作兴趣，帮助学生消除畏难情绪，使学生敢于写。
②引导学生观察生活，并引导学生阅读学习一些写作素材，使学生有话可写。
③采取有效的激励措施，激发学生的写作兴趣，如开展作文评比活动、优秀作文赏析活动等，使学生乐于写。
(2) Teaching Aims
Knowledge aim: Students can have a better understanding of how to write short passages.
Ability aim : Students can write and talk about their diet plan in their daily life.
Emotional aim : Students become more interested in English and know the importance of keeping a healthy diet.
(3)导入和写前环节
Warming up and lead-in:
①Daily greeting.
②Show some food on PPT and ask students what their favorite food are and why.
【设计意图】
从生活角度出发，有利于激发学生的学习兴趣，提高课堂参与度，营造学习氛围。
Pre-writing :
The teacher firstly tells the students the writing topic. And then they need to have a talk about their food forbreakfast. After that, the teacher can provide some useful words and sentence patterns. And also the teacher canshow a writing model， which includes a basic structure.
【设计意图】
写前交代清楚所写话题及所涉及的一些词汇、句式结构等，有利于帮助学生消除畏难情绪，激发学生的写作欲。

(1)帮助学生提高英语听力水平的方法 ①坚持用英语组织教学，培养学生对英语的语感。
②注意听力内容的趣味性，让学生在轻松的环境中感受英语。
③提供真实、多样的语言材料，让学生通过地道、经典的听力材料，熟悉英语的语音、语调和语流。
④加强听力技能指导，充分利用教材提供的对话、独自、故事等材料，开展模仿录音、理解内容、信息转换、角色扮演等，以实现不同目标。
(2) Teaching Aims
Knowledge aims: Students can read and learn the phrase "good job" and"summer vocation" and grasp the sentence "Which season do you like best WhyBecause I like summer vacation".
Ability aims: Through activities and group works, students can improve their ability of listening and speaking.
Emotional aims: Students can get more interest in nature.
(3) 导入环节: Lead-in
Greet with the students, and then separate them into four groups: Group Spring, Group Summer, Group Autumn and Group Winter. The first group makes a sentence and other three groups need to use different words to make new sentences, especially using the different adjective words.
First begin with the Group Spring.
Spring: Spring is green.
Summer: Summer is blue.
Autumn: Autumn is golden.
Winter: Winter is white.
T: Ok, very good, now round two.
Summer: Summer is hot.
Autumn: Autumn is cool.
Winter: Winter is cold.
Spring: Spring is warm.
【设计意图】
以季节命名各个组，可以激发学生的学习兴趣。小组活动可以更好地帮助学生了解本课内容，并能明确话题。
巩固操练环节：Consolidation
① Write the seasons and reasons on the blackboard, and then ask some students to do the dialogue.
S1: Which season do you like best
S2: I like best.
S1: Why
S2: Because
T: Now, let's add the winter's reason. Why do you like winter
S: Because I like snow and snowman.
T: OK, why do you like spring
S: Because I like green, and it means young.
T: OK, now, I will give you some time to practice the dialogue with your partner, and then I will find some of
you to show us your dialogue.
② Prepare four kinds of cards including" color, song, book, singer" and then ask the four groups to choose a kind of cards, and make sentences according to them.
T: OK, Group Spring got the singer card. You two, please!
S1: Which singer do you like best
S2: I like Wang Junkai best. Because he is handsome.
【设计意图】
利用对话可以更好地帮助学生巩固新句型。另外，利用不同种类的卡片来练习句型，可以拓展学生的知识面。

(1)提高课堂活泼性的措施 ①创设轻松、愉快的课堂环境。良好的课堂气氛能使学生的思维处于良好的状态，从而有助于提高学生参与课堂的积极性。
②选择适宜、合理的教学方法。不同年龄的学生有不同的认知特点，要针对学生的具体情况，灵活使用多种教学方法。例如使用游戏教学法会提高小学生参与课堂的主动性。
③使用生动、恰当的教学语言。教师生动、有趣的课堂语言能弥补一些教学内容本身的枯燥，使学生得到意想不到的乐趣，从而有助于提高其参与课堂学习的热情。
④采用形象、直观的教学手段。采用实物、模型、多媒体等直观教学的手段，可以集中学生的注意力，唤起学生学习的兴趣，有利于提高课堂活泼性。
⑤设计丰富、有趣的教学活动。小学生活泼好动，利用丰富、有趣的活动可以寓学于乐，激发学生的主动性。
(2) Teaching Aims
Knowledge aims: ① Students can learn the new words:spring, summer, fall, winter.
② Students can master the sentence pattern: What is your favorite season
Ability aim: Through cooperation and discussion, students can describe their favorite season and their listeningand speaking ability can be improved.
Emotional aim: Students' love for nature can be aroused.
(3)导入和巩固环节
Warming up and lead-in(导入环节)：
①Daily greeting
T：What’sthe weather like today
Ss：It’s cool／cold／hot／warm…
②Ask students how many months and seasons there are in a year to lead in the new topic．
【设计意图】
通过与本课主题相关的日常问题问答．来拉近与学生之间的距离并激活学生已有的背景知识，为新授环节做好铺垫。
Consolidation(巩固环节)：
Activity 1 :Do a survey
Let students find out their partners' favorite season using the new sentence they have learned and ask reasons,and then finish the chart.

Activity 2:Draw a picture
According to their favorite season, each student should draw a picture and try to describe their pictures to others.
【设计意图】
通过小组调查和画画活动，能够增进学生之间彼此交流和了解，增强合作意识，并且能够巩固所学知识。